tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31276596981480691272024-03-19T14:40:16.071+05:30ISLAMWelcome To The Religion of Truthshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.comBlogger185125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-9980762891251650572017-07-08T09:17:00.002+05:302017-07-09T12:29:14.198+05:30The Battle of Badr<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
The Battle of Badr<br />
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Given such incidents, the Muslims had to extend their control over<br />
the Syrian trade route to force the Quraysh and other unfriendly<br />
tribes to reconsider. It also was time for the Prophet to show the<br />
forces arrayed against him that the preaching of Islam could not be<br />
stopped or eradicated from its adherents’ hearts, and that polytheism<br />
and unbelief would surrender to Islam.<br />
At the beginning of 624, a large Qurayshi caravan en route<br />
to Makka from Syria, and escorted by no more than 40 security<br />
guards, arrived at a place within reach of the Muslims. It contained<br />
goods that had been purchased with the Emigrants’<br />
property. Naturally Abu Sufyan, the caravan’s leader, feared a<br />
Muslim attempt to retrieve their stolen property. And so he sent<br />
a messenger to Makka asking for help and reinforcements.<br />
This caused an uproar throughout Makka. Leading Qurayshi<br />
chiefs decided to fight the Prophet. About 1,000 fighters left Makka,<br />
amidst much pomp and show, to crush the Muslims’ rising power.<br />
They also wanted, as always, to terrorize neighboring tribes to<br />
ensure their trade caravans’ continued safety.<br />
The Messenger, always informed of developments that could<br />
affect his mission, realized that if an effective step were not taken<br />
right then, the preaching of Islam might suffer a blow. Had<br />
the Quraysh taken the initiative and attacked Madina, the city’s<br />
small Muslim community might have perished. Even if they only<br />
brought their caravan safely to Makka by dint of their military<br />
strength, the Muslims’ political and military prestige would be<br />
undermined. Once this happened, their lives, property, and honor<br />
would be jeopardized.<br />
Deciding to use his available resources, the Prophet left Madina.<br />
Although he may have wanted a decisive battle with the Quraysh,<br />
The Military Dimension 223<br />
most Muslims wanted to capture the caravan and retrieve their property.<br />
The Prophet assembled the people and told them that the<br />
Qurayshi trade caravan was in the north and its invading army was<br />
in the south, moving toward Madina. He also informed them that<br />
God had promised that they would be able to seize either party.20 It<br />
was for them to choose which target to attack.<br />
Aware of the Prophet’s intention, an Emigrant named Miqdad<br />
ibn ‘Amr replied:<br />
O Messenger of God. Proceed as God has commanded you. We<br />
are with you wherever you go, even as far as Bark al-Ghimad. We<br />
shall not say, as the Children of Israel said to Moses: “Go forth,<br />
you and your Master, and fight. We shall remain here sitting.” We<br />
rather say: “Go forth, you and your Master, and fight, and we<br />
shall fight on your side as long as the eyelid of any one of us<br />
keeps moving.”21<br />
Until the Battle of Badr, the Messenger had not sought military<br />
aid from the Ansar. This was the first time they would prove<br />
their commitment to Islam. Without addressing them directly,<br />
the Messenger again put the two alternatives before his audience.<br />
Realizing what the Messenger was doing, an Ansari named Sa‘d<br />
ibn Mu‘adh, the leader of the Aws tribe, rose and said:<br />
O Messenger of God. I think your question is directed to the<br />
Ansar. We believe in you, affirm that you are the Messenger of<br />
God, and bear witness to the truth of your teachings. We took<br />
the oath of allegiance to you that we would hear and obey you.<br />
O Messenger of God, do as you wish! By the One Who has<br />
sent you with the truth, if you were to take us to the sea and<br />
plunge into it, none of us should remain behind. So take us<br />
along to the battlefield with God’s blessings.22<br />
The decision was made to fight. This was also the decree of<br />
God, as mentioned above.<br />
The Makkan army consisted of 1,000 fighters, including 600<br />
soldiers in coats of mail and 200 cavalrymen, and was accompanied<br />
by singers and dancers. Dancing and drinking parties were<br />
held whenever it halted. The soldiers arrogantly vaunted their<br />
224 The Messenger of God: Muhammad<br />
military power and numerical strength to the tribes and settlements<br />
it passed, and boasted of their invincibility.23 Even worse,<br />
they were fighting for no lofty ideal; rather, they sought to defeat<br />
the forces of belief, truth, justice, and good morals.<br />
The Muslim army was made up of 313 fighters: 86 Emigrants<br />
and 227 Ansar. Only two or three Muslims had horses, for resources<br />
were scarce. There were no more than 70 camels, so three or<br />
four persons took turns riding each camel. The Messenger took<br />
turns with two others. When they asked him to ride the camel<br />
and exclude them from the turns, the Messenger answered: “You<br />
are not stronger than me. And as for the reward, I need it just<br />
as much as you do.”24<br />
The Muslim soldiers were fully devoted to and ready to die<br />
for the cause of Islam. To accomplish what He had decreed, God<br />
made the Messenger dream that the number of Makkan soldiers<br />
was small, just as He made the number of the Muslims appear<br />
smaller in the eyes of the Makkans (8:44).<br />
The two armies met at Badr. The Makkans outnumbered the<br />
Muslims by three to one and were far better equipped. However,<br />
the Muslims were fighting for the most sublime cause: to establish<br />
God’s religion, based on belief, good morals, and justice.<br />
Deeply convinced of Islam’s truth and eager to die for it, they<br />
were ready for battle.<br />
Being the first to reach the battlefield, they positioned themselves<br />
around the wells. They also benefited from the heavy downpour<br />
of the previous night, for it provided them with an abundant<br />
supply of water that they quickly stored in large containers.<br />
The rain also compacted the loose sand in the upper part of<br />
the valley in which they pitched their tents. This allowed them<br />
to plant their feet firmly and move with less difficulty. In the valley’s<br />
lower part, however, where the Quraysh army stationed<br />
itself, the ground was marshy. In addition to these Divine blessings,<br />
God sent a feeling of drowsiness over the Muslims and<br />
gave them a feeling of peace and security (8:11).<br />
From their campsite, the Muslim army could see the whole<br />
battlefield. It was divided into three parts: one center and two<br />
The Military Dimension 225<br />
flanks. The central force consisted of the leading Emigrants and<br />
Ansar who were foremost in devotion to the Messenger. Mus’ab<br />
ibn ‘Umayr, a member of one of Makka’s richest families who had<br />
accepted Islam as a youth, carried the standard of the Messenger.<br />
He was so handsome that when he would go out wearing his silk<br />
clothes, before his conversion, Makkan girls would stare at him<br />
from their windows. After he embraced Islam, however, he followed<br />
the Messenger wholeheartedly. He sacrificed whatever he<br />
had in the way of God, and was martyred at Uhud, during which<br />
he again bore the Prophet’s standard. When he lost his right arm,<br />
he took the standard in his left hand; when he lost his left arm, he<br />
was left with a “head” to protect the Messenger, before whom he<br />
was finally martyred.25<br />
The flanks were commanded by ‘Ali and Sa‘d ibn Mu’adh. ‘Ali<br />
was famous for his courage and deep devotion to the Messenger.<br />
He had been only 9 or 10 years old when he told the Messenger:<br />
“I will help you,” after the Messenger had gathered his kinsmen<br />
at the outset of his mission to seek their conversion and support.26<br />
On the night of the Prophet’s Emigration, ‘Ali had slept in the<br />
Prophet’s bed so he could leave Makka in safety.27 By the time those<br />
surrounding the house discovered this ruse, the Messenger had<br />
reached Thawr cave. ‘Ali was wholly dedicated to the cause of God.<br />
The Messenger took all necessary precautions and made the<br />
best possible preparations. He mobilized his resources and chose<br />
his best and most qualified men as commanders. He stationed<br />
his army at the valley’s upper part. He then pitched his tent where<br />
he could see the whole battlefield and have his commands conveyed<br />
instantaneously. As the final prerequisite, he prayed with<br />
great earnestness and humility:<br />
O God, here are the Quraysh who in their vainglory seek to<br />
deny and cry lies against Your Messenger. O God, support us<br />
with the help You promised me. O God, were this small group<br />
of Muslims to perish, no one in the world would remain to<br />
worship You.28<br />
After the prayer, he threw a handful of dust at the enemy<br />
saying: “May their faces be scorched.”29<br />
226 The Messenger of God: Muhammad<br />
Badr was a severe test for the Muslims. They would either win<br />
or be martyred, for they were ordered not to flee. They could<br />
retreat in orderly fashion under strong enemy pressure, as a stratagem<br />
to seek reinforcements or to re-group with another party in<br />
the rear (8:15), but not because of cowardice and defeatism. Such<br />
a disorderly flight would reveal that they preferred their lives over<br />
Islam, a major and deadly sin.<br />
The Battle Begins<br />
In the Quraysh’s first frontline were ‘Utba ibn Rabi‘a, his brother<br />
Shayba, and his son Walid. They challenged the Muslims to<br />
single combat. Three young Ansar went forward. “We will not<br />
fight Madina’s farmers and shepherds!” ‘Utba shouted arrogantly.<br />
This was, in fact, what the Messenger expected. He ordered<br />
‘Ali, Hamza, and ‘Ubayda ibn Harith forward for single combat.<br />
Hamza fought and killed ‘Utba, and ‘Ali killed Walid with two<br />
blows. ‘Ubayda, who was old, fought Shayba and was wounded<br />
on his knee. Hamza and ‘Ali rescued him, killed Shayba, and<br />
carried ‘Ubayda away.30<br />
The Quraysh were shocked by such an unexpected beginning.<br />
The Muslims’ belief, sincerity, and valor won them God’s<br />
help. The Quraysh, who had exulted in their superiorty in number<br />
and weaponry, were decisively defeated by the ill-equipped<br />
Muslims. Seventy Qurayshis were killed. ‘Awf and Mu‘awwidh<br />
(two young Ansari brothers) joined with ‘Abd Allah ibn Mas‘ud<br />
to kill Abu Jahl, who the Messenger called the “Pharaoh of the<br />
Muslim Community.”31 Almost all Qurayshi leaders were killed:<br />
Abu Jahl, Walid ibn Mughira, ‘Utba ibn Rabi‘a, ‘As ibn Sa‘id,<br />
Umayyah ibn Khalaf, and Nawfal ibn Khuwaylid. Prior to the<br />
battle, the Messenger had indicated the spots where they would<br />
die, saying: “‘Utba will be killed here; Abu Jahl here, Umayyah<br />
ibn Khalaf here,” and so on.32<br />
Seventy Qurayshis were captured. God allowed the Muslims<br />
to ransom them, and some were released. Those who were literate<br />
were to be released only after teaching the unlettered Muslims how<br />
to read and write. This policy had several benefits: captives who<br />
had expected execution gladly paid the ransom; Madina’s low lit-<br />
The Military Dimension 227<br />
eracy rate was raised, making the newly literate Muslims more<br />
effective in preaching Islam and gaining people’s respect; literate<br />
captives could learn about Islam and be in close contact with<br />
Muslims, which would bring more people into Islam; and the captives’<br />
families and relatives were so glad to see their presumed-dead<br />
family members that they became much more receptive to Islam.<br />
The decisive victory made Islam a force to be reckoned with<br />
throughout Arabia, and many hardened hearts were inclined to<br />
accept Islam.</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-30022179940203510672017-07-08T09:09:00.001+05:302017-07-09T12:29:34.450+05:30THE AWAITED PROPHET<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
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<i>The Torah and the Psalms</i><br />
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A Companion once asked God’s Messenger to talk about himself.<br />
He said: “I am the one for whose coming Abraham prayed<br />
and of whom Jesus gave glad tidings.”6 This alludes to the following<br />
Qur’anic verses:<br />
The Prophet Sent as a Mercy 9<br />
(Abraham prayed): “Our Lord, raise up in their midst a<br />
Messenger from among them who shall recite unto them Your<br />
signs, and teach them the Book and Wisdom, and purify them.<br />
Verily you are the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.” (2:129)<br />
When Jesus, son of Mary, said: “O children of Israel! I am<br />
indeed a Messenger of God to you, confirming that which was<br />
[revealed] before me in the Torah, and bringing good tidings<br />
of a Messenger who shall come after me, whose name is<br />
Ahmad [the Praised One].” (61:6)<br />
The Messenger of God was expected. All preceding<br />
Prophets spoke of and predicted his coming. The Qur’an (3:81)<br />
specifically states that God made a covenant with the Prophets<br />
that they would believe in and help the Messenger who would<br />
come after them and confirm the Message that they brought.7<br />
The current versions of the Torah, the Gospel, and the<br />
Psalms still contain verses alluding to Prophet Muhammad, and<br />
even to his Companions. The late Husayn Jisri found 114 such<br />
allusions and quoted them in his Risalat al-Hamidiya. We cite<br />
a few examples here, beginning with: The Lord came from Sinai<br />
and dawned over them from Seir; He shone forth from Mount Paran<br />
(Deuteronomy 33:2).<br />
<br />
<br />
This refers to the Prophethood of Moses, Jesus, and<br />
Muhammad, respectively. Sinai is where Prophet Moses spoke to<br />
God and received the Torah. Seir, a place in Palestine, is where<br />
Prophet Jesus received Divine Revelation. Paran is where God<br />
manifested Himself to humanity for the last time through His<br />
Revelation to Prophet Muhammad.<br />
Paran is a mountain range in Makka. It is mentioned in the<br />
Torah (Genesis 21:19-21) as the desert area where Hagar was left by<br />
her husband Abraham to live with her son Ishmael. The Zamzam<br />
well also is located there. As stated in the Qur’an (14:35-37),<br />
Abraham left Hagar and Ishmael in the valley of Makka, which was<br />
then an uninhabited place between the mountain ranges of Paran.<br />
It is because of such explicit predictions in the Torah that<br />
the Jews were expecting the Last Prophet and knew that he<br />
would appear in Makka.</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-63469384104704097712015-10-02T14:19:00.000+05:302017-07-09T12:29:52.367+05:30THE SEEDS OF ISHMAEL’S FORTHCOMING PROPHETHOOD<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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In His Wisdom, Allah had protected Ishmael in the harsh environment of the Holy Land<br />
in which he had matured. He had learned to speak Arabic in its purest, most eloquent<br />
form from the Jurhumites together with the art of horsemanship and had also become a<br />
highly skilled archer. The Jurhumites loved him, for his character was not only truthful<br />
and honorable but he was trustworthy and cared for their welfare; later on he was to<br />
marry from their tribe.<br />
ISHMAEL, THE FIRST SACRIFICE<br />
Despite his advanced years, Prophet Abraham would often journey to Mecca to visit<br />
Lady Hagar and his dearly beloved, eldest son, Ishmael who was now a young man. On<br />
one such visit Prophet Abraham saw a vision in which he was told to sacrifice his son for<br />
Allah. Soon after the vision shaytan came to Abraham and whispered, “How could you<br />
kill your beloved son?” Abraham instantly rejected and cursed shaytan, and in obedience<br />
to Allah went to Ishmael and said: "My son, I saw while sleeping that I shall sacrifice you,<br />
tell me what you think." It was time for shaytan’s second attempt to prevent the fulfillment<br />
of the vision and he whispered to Ishmael in a similar manner. Ishmael immediately<br />
rejected and cursed shaytan. Like his father, Ishmael’s love of Allah and obedience to<br />
Him was unquestionable and he replied: "Father, do as you are ordered (by Allah), Allah<br />
willing, you shall find me one of those who are steadfast." Koran, Chapter 37:102.<br />
Shaytan had failed twice, in his final attempt to prevent the fulfillment of the vision he<br />
went to Lady Hagar and whispered, “How could you let Abraham kill your only son?” But<br />
like her husband and son, she too loved Allah and was obedient to Him, and without<br />
hesitation she cursed and rejected shaytan.<br />
<br />
THE THOUGHTFULNESS OF ISHMAEL<br />
Prophet Abraham took Ishmael to a quiet place far from the people. As Abraham<br />
prepared himself to sacrifice his beloved son for Allah, Ishmael, being a loving, caring<br />
young man and without thought for himself, asked his father for three things. He<br />
requested that he should be permitted to face the ground so that his father would not<br />
see his eyes and then be overcome with mercy towards him, and disobey to command<br />
of Allah. Ishmael also feared for the safety of his father so he requested him to sit upon<br />
his shoulders so that if he struggled when the knife struck him he would not injure him.<br />
He knew his mother would be sad so his final request was to ask his father to give her<br />
his shirt to console her. It was time, Prophet Abraham tried to slit the back of his son's<br />
neck three times, but on each occasion the blade was prevented from penetration. After<br />
the third attempt, Allah called out to Abraham saying, "O Abraham, you have confirmed<br />
your vision.’ As such We recompense the good-doers. That was indeed a clear trial. So,<br />
we ransomed him with a mighty sacrifice.” Koran, Chapter 37 verse 104-107 Later on,<br />
Prophet Muhammad, (sa) said referring to Prophet Ishmael and his own father Abdullah<br />
whose life was ransomed by the slaying of a hundred camels: "I am the son of the two<br />
sacrifices." When Prophet Muhammad (sa) revived the pilgrimage many centuries later,<br />
three stone pillars were erected outside Mecca en route to Arafat as a reminder of the<br />
three whisperings of shaytan to Prophets Abraham, Ishmael and Lady Hagar. These<br />
three pillars are cursed and stoned by all those who make the pilgrimage.<br />
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THE UNGRATEFUL SPOUSE<br />
_________________________<br />
Lady Hagar had passed away before Prophet Abraham's next visit to Becca. When he<br />
reached the valley he made his way to Ishmael's home but when he found he was not at<br />
home he started to look for an object he left behind on a previous visit. Soon after<br />
Ishmael's wife returned, she showed him no respect, neither did she welcome him, nor<br />
was she hospitable to her elderly visitor. Abraham asked her where her husband was<br />
whereupon she told him he was away hunting. He then inquired about their life and<br />
circumstances but rather than being grateful, she told him things were difficult then<br />
proceeded to complain about everything in their life. Ishmael's hunting expedition took<br />
longer than expected and so Abraham, who had been made unwelcome, decided it was<br />
time to leave. Before he left he asked Ishmael’s wife to give her husband a message<br />
saying, "When your husband returns, convey my greetings of peace to him and tell him<br />
that he should change the threshold of his door." A while after Abraham's departure<br />
Ishmael returned and sensed something unusual had happened during his absence, so<br />
he asked his wife if there had, in his absence, been any visitors. She told him of the<br />
elderly man that had stopped by and how he had asked about his whereabouts and their<br />
welfare. Ishmael asked if the visitor had left a message whereupon she told him that he<br />
had sent him greetings of peace and told him to change the threshold of his door. Upon<br />
hearing this Ishmael told his wife that the elderly gentleman was none other than his<br />
father and that he had directed him to divorce her. So Ishmael divorced his wife, and, as<br />
was his nature, treated her fairly and caused her no harm, and she returned to her<br />
people. Ishmael was loved by the Jurhumites and when he decided to remarry from their<br />
tribe they were delighted.<br />
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<br />
THE GRATEFUL SPOUSE<br />
<br />
After a period of time Prophet Abraham returned to visit his son but once again he did<br />
not find Ishmael at home. He asked his new wife where he was and she told him that he<br />
had gone out to search for provisions and prepared a meal her visitor. As before, he<br />
asked Ishmael's wife about their circumstances but unlike the previous wife she praised<br />
Allah and told him they were comfortable. Abraham then inquired about their food<br />
whereupon she told him that they ate meat and drank water. Then, Prophet Abraham<br />
supplicated, "O Allah, bless their meat and water." Before leaving, Abraham asked her to<br />
convey the greetings of peace to Ishmael but this time he left instructions to strengthen<br />
the threshold. Soon after Ishmael returned and once again sensed something unusual<br />
so he inquired if there had been any visitors during his absence. His wife told him of the<br />
elderly gentleman and spoke kindly about him. Ishmael asked if he had said anything to<br />
her, she told him that he had inquired about their well-being and that she had replied<br />
everything was well. She also told him that the elderly gentleman had asked her to<br />
convey his greetings of peace to him and said that he was to strengthen the threshold of<br />
his house. Ishmael smiled, and told his wife that the elderly gentleman was none other<br />
than his father, Abraham, and that she was the "threshold" he had ordered him to keep.<br />
In the years that followed, Ishmael had twelve children, and it is from his son Kidar that<br />
many Arabs are descended.</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-63083443846731510392015-10-02T14:18:00.000+05:302017-07-09T12:30:10.803+05:30KA'BA<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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THE RUINS OF KA'BA<br />
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<br />
In those days, the ruins of Ka'ba were elevated on a piece of land covered by sand in the<br />
shape of a mound, and when rain eventually fell it would run on either side.<br />
THE CARAVANERS<br />
Ishmael and his mother continued to live in Mecca by themselves until one day<br />
caravaners from the tribe of Jurhum returning from Kada'a, struck camp a little distance<br />
from the place where Lady Haggar had made her home. As the caravaners were<br />
unloading their camels they observed birds circling in the sky not far away. Their<br />
experience had taught them that birds circling in this manner might well indicate water.<br />
Ever hopeful of finding a fresh supply of water in that desolate region, they thought it<br />
was worth investigating, although from their past experience they had never found water<br />
anywhere in that area. Several tribesmen were sent to investigate. When they reached<br />
the place over which the birds circled, to their great surprise and joy they found the<br />
spring of Zamzam and returned quickly to tell their fellow travelers. Upon hearing the<br />
good news the caravaners stopped what they were doing and rushed to both see and<br />
drink the fresh water.<br />
<br />
LADY HAGGAR MEETS THE JURHUM CARAVANERS<br />
<br />
When they reached Zamzam, the caravaners found Lady Haggar standing nearby and<br />
asked her permission to strike camp near her. Lady Haggar agreed on condition that she<br />
retained the water rights and that her son would be the prince. The Jurhumites agreed<br />
and settled themselves in Becca whilst sending word to their families to come and join<br />
them there.<br />
<br />
<br />
ANGELS DO NOT EAT<br />
<br />
Meanwhile, one day, when Prophet Abraham was at home with Lady Sarah they were<br />
visited by strangers. It was not uncommon to find strangers visiting their home as each<br />
day Abraham would light a large bonfire on the top of a nearby mountain to attract and<br />
welcome travelers. Abraham’s generous hospitality was well known, no one was ever<br />
turned away and as such he hardly ever ate alone. His guests were always well fed and<br />
during the course of a much welcomed meal Abraham would take the opportunity to tell<br />
to his guests about Allah. One day, strangers arrived at his home, and as was his<br />
custom he arranged for a fine meal of a roasted calf to be prepared for his guests. The<br />
meal was set before them but his guests declined to either eat or drink. Abraham was<br />
deeply trouble by this strange situation -- travelers were always hungry, or at least<br />
thirsty. Abraham's guests perceived his anxiety and told him not to be afraid because<br />
although they had taken the form of humans they were not humans as he supposed,<br />
rather, they were angels on their way to the city of his cousin Prophet Lot. Prophet<br />
Abraham felt at ease once more as he knew that angels, who are neither male nor<br />
female, and created from light, only worship Allah and do whatsoever they are ordered<br />
to do by Him. The angels proceeded to inform Abraham that the city of Prophet Lot, had<br />
become disobedient to Allah and were sexual perverts. The angels continued to tell him<br />
that it was because of this that Allah had ordered them to punish its people by utterly<br />
destroying both them and their city.<br />
LADY SARAH BECOMES PREGNANT<br />
As Lady Sarah entered the room, the angels told her that she would give birth to a son.<br />
She was overwhelmed by the news and clasped her hands on her cheeks in delight. She<br />
had been so happy when Lady Haggar gave birth to Ishmael several years before and<br />
now she too was to be blessed with a son of her own.<br />
<br />
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<br /></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-54465133766843924892015-09-27T07:59:00.002+05:302015-09-27T07:59:33.151+05:30ABRAHAM AND SARAH IN EGYPT<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />After a long, tiring journey, Prophet Abraham and Lady Sarah reached Egypt and it was<br />there they decided to make their home. During their time in Egypt, Haggar, one of the<br />noble ladies-in-waiting in the court of Pharaoh, came to live in Abraham's household as<br />a companion to Sarah. Haggar was a sweet natured lady, she loved Lady Sarah dearly<br />and a very special friendship bonded them together. Idolatry was also commonplace in<br />Egypt especially in the court of Pharaoh but when Haggar heard Abraham speak about<br />Allah she was quick to recognize the truth and accepted it. In those days it was common<br />place for a man to have more than one wife and Prophet Abraham and Lady Sarah, who<br />were now elderly remained childless. Lady Sarah had given up hope of ever bearing a<br />child so she suggested to Abraham that he might like to take Haggar to be her co-wife.<br />Both Abraham and Haggar accepted her suggestion and shortly after Haggar became<br />his lawful second wife. The family's wish was fulfilled when Lady Haggar conceived and<br />gave birth to a fine son whom they named Ishmael. Lady Sarah was delighted and<br />happy that Abraham had at long last been blessed with a son -- little did she know at<br />that time that she too would be blessed in later years for her patience with a son of her<br />own, Isaac.<br />DECEIT<br />Throughout the centuries nationalistic Jews and Orientalists have sort to distort the truth<br />about Prophet Abraham’s legal marriage to Lady Haggar and the very close relationship<br />between Ladies Sarah and Haggar. Their object has been and still is to undermine the<br />great event which had been promised and recorded in the original, unadulterated Holy<br />Scriptures that announced the coming of Islam with its protected revelation, the Holy<br />Koran and the seal of all the prophets, Prophet Muhammad (sa).<br /><br /><br /><br />PROPHETS OF ALLAH<br />______________________<br />Both the sons of Abraham were legitimate and destined to become prophets of Allah.<br />Ishmael was sent as a prophet to the Arabs and Isaac as a prophet to the Hebrews, later<br />on to be called the children of Israel and then Jews, peace be upon all the prophets. It is<br />from the descendants of Ishmael and Isaac that two great nations evolved each having<br />Prophet Abraham as their common ancestor. However, neither Jew nor Christian can<br />claim he was a follower of their religion as both prophets Moses and Jesus were sent<br />many centuries after the death of Prophet Abraham.<br /><br />Before Ishmael completed his weaning, Prophet Abraham saw a vision in which he was<br />instructed to take Lady Haggar and their son to a place called Becca, in the peninsular of<br />Arabia, known today as Mecca, and leave them there. Mecca lies in a valley surrounded<br />by mountains and hills with three passes. One to the north, another to the south and the<br />other to the west. The valley had long been one of the most traveled caravan routes in<br />Arabia, however, it remained uninhabited largely because it lacked water. Upon reaching<br />Becca, Prophet Abraham settled Lady Haggar and Ishmael under the shade of a large<br />tree and gave his wife a large bag of dates and a water-skin full of water, then, turned<br />away and started to leave them. Lady Haggar followed after him and asked, "Abraham,<br />where are you going, are you leaving us in an uninhabited provisionless wilderness?"<br />She asked the same question several times, but Abraham did not reply. Then, searching<br />for a reason and knowing her husband would never do anything to earn the displeasure<br />of Allah she inquired, "Has Allah commanded you to do this?" whereupon he replied,<br />"Yes". So she comforted them both saying, "Then He will not let us perish," and returned<br />to her infant<br /><br /><br /><br />ABRAHAM SUPPLICATES FOR LADY HAGGAR, ISHMAEL & FUTURE<br />GENERATIONS OF MUSLIMS<br />At a place called Thania, Abraham stopped and turned his face in the direction of the<br />ruins of Ka'ba -- the first House of Allah to be built on earth -- which lay buried in the<br />sand. He raised his hands and supplicated,<br />"Our Lord, I have settled some of my offspring in a barren valley near Your Holy House;<br />our Lord, in order that they establish the prayer. Make the hearts of people yearn<br />towards them, and provide them with fruits, in order that they are thankful." Koran,<br />Chapter 14 verse 37.<br />Allah had promised Abraham that from his offspring would arise great nations, that is<br />why Abraham referred to having settled "some of his offspring" near Ka'ba. This<br />promised was fulfilled as it was from the descendants of Prophet Ishmael that Prophet<br />Muhammad, peace be upon all the prophets, was born. Lady Haggar suckled her infant<br />son and gave him water from the skin until none remained. It wasn't long until both were<br />very thirsty but she was more concerned for Ishmael. Lady Haggar could not bear to<br />have her son go without water so she searched frantically for some but could find none.<br />In desperation she climbed a nearby hill, the hill of Safwa, and stood at its top and<br /><br /><br />looked around in all directions to see if there was anyone in sight to help her -- but<br />there was no one. She ran back down the hill and in her anxiety ran across the valley<br />and climbed to the top of the neighboring hill of Marwah, but again to no avail. She ran<br />between the two hills seven times, but could find neither caravaners nor water.<br />ALLAH HEARS THE CRY OF LADY HAGGAR<br />Upon the seventh time she reached the hill of Marwah Haggar heard a voice. She<br />calmed herself and listened attentively, and called out, "I have heard Your voice, would<br />that my supplication might reach You." And there, standing near the place we know<br />today as Zamzam stood Angel Gabriel. Gabriel struck the ground with either his heel or<br />wings, and water gushed forth. Hastily, she dug a hole in the ground into which the water<br />flowed and filled her water-skin to the top as the water gushed forth with still greater<br />force. Quickly, she drank a handful of water and raced back to her son to give him some.<br />Then, Gabriel spoke saying, "Do not be afraid of perishing here, because it is here that<br />your son and his father will build a House for Allah. Allah will not let those around it<br />perish."<br /></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-64086197391283616662015-09-27T07:37:00.003+05:302015-09-27T07:37:48.567+05:30ABRAHAM AND THE MIRACLE OF THE FOUR BIRDS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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ABRAHAM AND THE MIRACLE OF THE FOUR BIRDS<br />__________________________________________<br /><br />One day, Abraham asked Allah to show him how He revived the dead. Allah asked<br />Abraham, "Haven't you believed?" Abraham told Him that it wasn't that, rather, it was<br />just to satisfy his heart. So Allah told him to take four birds, sacrifice them, then cut them<br />into pieces and mix their bits and pieces together then go to the neighboring hills and<br />place some of the mixed pieces on each of them. Allah told Abraham that after he had<br />done this to call the birds and their severed parts would reassemble and fly to him.<br />Abraham did exactly as he was told, he sacrificed a peacock, an eagle, a crow and a<br />rooster, then, after he had mixed their body parts together he placed them upon the<br />neighboring hills, keeping only their heads with him. Once this had been done he called<br />to them whereupon their mixed parts were brought back to life, reassembled, and flew to<br />join themselves to their respective head that Abraham still held in his hand. Koran.<br />ABRAHAM AND HIS “FATHER” PART COMPANY:<br />Now Azar was among those who refused to accept Allah as his Lord. Abraham asked<br />him why he was so devoted to the idols but Azar could offer no better reply than to say<br />that many people before him had worshipped them, and what was good enough for them<br />was good enough for him also. Azar became upset and embarrassed by his nephew’s<br />preaching and threatened to stone him if he persisted. Such was Abraham’s conviction<br />that he did not stop preaching and after a while, Azar realized that his threats were of no<br />use so he told his nephew he did not wish to see him again for sometime. As they parted<br />company, tender-hearted Abraham told Azar he would ask Allah to forgive him, and that<br />perhaps his Lord would accept his prayer. Abraham continued to preach against the<br />idols but the people continued to spurn what he had to say. After each refusal he would<br />ask them the same question he had asked his uncle -- what made them so devoted to<br />their idols -- but they replied in the same way, which was simply because their fathers<br />and ancestors had worshipped them. Some even accused Abraham of jesting with them,<br />but he swore that this was not so, and that without doubt their Lord and Creator is and<br />always had been the Lord of all that is in the heavens and earth, and that they should<br /><br />ABRAHAM OUTWITS THE IDOLS<br />No matter how hard Abraham tried they would not accept the truth, so he told them, "By<br />Allah, I shall outwit your idols as soon as you have turned your backs and gone." No one<br />took Abraham seriously so they left and went about their business. Some time later,<br />Abraham, unseen with ax in hand, entered the temple in which the most revered idols<br />were housed, and smashed all except the largest into pieces then left unseen. It wasn't<br />long before the idolaters returned to the temple and saw their gods lying broken into<br />pieces on the floor. There was an outcry of horror and those who had heard Abraham's<br />challenge immediately suspected him, and so he was summoned before them.<br />"Abraham," they asked, "was it you who did this to our gods?" Abraham replied, "It was<br />their great one that did it. Ask them if they can speak." The idolaters huddled together in<br />a corner knowing well in their hearts the truth of the matter and that Abraham had at last<br />succeeded in exposing the worthlessness of their idols. Begrudgingly, they admitted,<br />"You know they do not speak." Thereupon Abraham challenged them saying, "Would<br />you then worship that which can neither benefit nor harm you, instead of Allah? Shame<br />on you and that you worship other than Allah! Have you no understanding?" Koran,<br />Chapter 21:68<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />THE BONFIRE<br />_______________<br /><br />It was more than the idolaters could bear, their idols lay broken in pieces unable to do<br />anything for themselves. Outraged by the whole situation they cried out, "Burn him and<br />help your gods!" The idolaters hastened to build a huge bonfire with the intent of burning<br />Abraham to death, however, Abraham remained calm having complete trust in His Lord<br />and did not flinch. There was nothing that would tear him away from his belief in the<br />Oneness of Allah. Abraham was led to the bonfire and placed in its center, and the<br />kindling wood lit. It wasn't long until the flames leapt high into the air -- but not even a<br />single hair of Abraham's head was scorched. That was because Allah had caused a<br />miracle to occur. He commanded the flames to be cool and safe for Abraham and<br />eventually, when the fire had consumed itself, Abraham walked away unharmed praising<br />and thanking Allah for His mercy. Even though the idolaters had witness this great<br />miracle they continued in their arrogance and refused to abandon their idols. In their<br />hearts they knew that nothing they did would ever harm Abraham because he was<br />protected by Allah, so in desperation they banished him and his wife, Lady Sarah, from<br />their homeland.</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-26433526947806415232015-09-27T07:36:00.002+05:302015-09-27T07:36:47.076+05:30 ABRAHAM IS CHOSEN BY ALLAH AND BECOMES A PROPHET<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /><br />ABRAHAM IS CHOSEN BY ALLAH AND BECOMES A PROPHET<br />_____________________________________________________<br />
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<br /><br />Shortly after this Allah sent the Arch Angel Gabriel to inform Abraham that He had<br />chosen him to be His Messenger. Abraham was deeply humbled by the news and<br />Gabriel brought him, over a period of forty-two visits, ten Holy Scrolls. Prophet<br />Muhammad informed his companions later on that the contents of the Scrolls were<br />examples. Abraham's open rejection of idolatry caused a commotion, no one had ever<br />challenged the deity of the idols of Hara; to his fellow citizens the notion was deemed<br />blasphemous. However, Abraham was resolved, he had no doubt that Allah was the only<br />One to be worshipped because he was convinced that it was He alone who had created<br />everything.<br /><br />THE LOGIC OF ABRAHAM<br />Abraham tried reasoning with those around him in the best manner, but they refused to<br />accept his logic even after he had drawn their attention to the obvious fact that their idols<br />had either been hewn from stone or carved from wood by people such as themselves.<br />Abraham never stopped challenging his people and asked if their idols could do anything<br />else other than just stand motionless, year after year, in the same place -- the place in<br />which they themselves had been positioned many years before! He reminded his people<br />that the idols neither ate nor drank from the offerings placed before them nor could they<br />harm or benefit anyone. But still the people refused to abandon their idolatry. Over the<br />course of time the idolaters became outraged and told Abraham that it was he who was<br />wrong and that he must fear their gods. Abraham shook his head and asked, "And how<br />should I fear what you have associated when you yourselves are not afraid that you<br />have associated with Allah that which He did not send down for it upon you an authority.”<br />Koran, Chapter 6 verse 81<br />
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<br />ABRAHAM AND KING NIMROD<br />The news of Abraham's preaching reached King Nimrod who considered himself to be a<br />deity. Abraham feared no one except Allah, so when he was presented to the king he<br />challenged him saying, "My Lord is He who revives and causes to die." But the artful<br />king scoffed at Abraham and told him, "I revive and cause to die." The king knew exactly<br />what Abraham meant, but had tired to outwit him with his reply by referring to the power<br /><br />he had as king to either spare the life of a guilty criminal, or put to death an innocent<br />person -- whichever suited his whim. Abraham challenged him yet again saying, "Allah<br />brings up the sun from the east, so you bring it from the west." This time the king knew<br />he had been revealed and the color drained from his face, and Abraham waited to see if<br />he would surrender to Allah but he did not and so Abraham returned home. Koran,<br />Chapter 2 verse 258<br /><br /></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-61900922603187633752015-09-27T07:35:00.000+05:302015-09-27T07:35:38.541+05:30PROPHET ABRAHAM AND THE FIRST HOUSE OF ALLAH ON EARTH<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
PROPHET ABRAHAM AND THE FIRST HOUSE OF ALLAH ON EARTH<br />________________________________________________________<br />
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<br />Prophet Abraham was born to honorable parents descended from Prophet Noah. He<br />was born in the city of Hara, Iraq during the reign of King Nimrod and is often referred to<br />as “The Friend of Allah” and "The Father of the Prophets". Before Abraham reached<br />maturity his father passed away, and as was the custom in those days, he would, out of<br />respect for his paternal uncle, refer to him as his father. There had been a void in<br />guidance since the death of Prophet Noah and the people of Hara reverted to idolatry.<br />Hara was renowned for its ornate, pagan temples and its citizens took great pride in the<br />idols housed within them. Offerings were sacrificed to the idols and ritual ceremonies,<br />wishfully invoking their favors performed before them. A lucrative commerce had grown<br />around the activities of the temples. Carved replicas of the idols were a much sought<br />after possession and it was to this profession that Azar, Abraham’s uncle, whom he now<br />called “father” directed his talents.<br /><br /><br />WHO IS MY LORD<br /><br />Abraham was unlike his contemporaries, he grew to be an upright, caring, young man<br />repulsed by idol worship and sought the answer to a question that had consumed him for<br />many years -- who was his Lord? In the process of his guidance, Allah in His Mercy<br />caused Abraham to contemplate upon the kingdoms of the heavens and earth. One<br />evening, as he gazed up into the night sky, he saw a planet shinning more brightly than<br />the others and exclaimed, "This is surely my Lord!" but, as the morning light came the<br />planet set he rejected his thought saying, "I do not like the setting ones!" On another<br />occasion as he saw the moon rise he said once again, "This is my Lord!" But like the<br />planet as the light of the morning broke it disappeared whereupon he said, "If my Lord<br />does not guide me, I shall be amongst the astray nation!" Then, when he saw the sun<br />rise upon the horizon he said, "This must be my Lord, it is larger!" But as it set he turned<br />to his people saying, "O nation I am quit of what you associate (with Allah, the Creator) I<br />have turned my face to Him who created the heavens and the earth, uprightly, and I am<br />not among the idolaters!" Koran, Chapter 6 verses 76-79<br /><br /></div>
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Asslamu alaikkum everyone around the world<br /><br /><br />Here I am going to start a series <br /><br />a series of life of our beloved Prophet (Peace Be Upon Him)<br /><br />Hope every one will like and and expect every one to interact and collaborate in the posts<br /><br /><br />The discussion will cover the entire life of prophet muhammed<br /><br />His childhood<br />
<br />His Prophet hood<br />
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<br />His family<br /><br />His Society<br />
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His Kingdom<br /><br />His Beauty<br /><br />His Character<br /><br />His death<br /><br />Collected from various authors on the life history of Prophet Muhammed(PBUH)<br /><br /><br />and Important Hadees narrations are also included.<br /><br /></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-22922508965800872372015-09-06T10:08:00.000+05:302015-09-06T10:08:30.582+05:30Origin of Life<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<u><i><span style="color: red;"><b>Origin of Life</b></span></i></u></div>
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<br /><i>The warm little pond that Darwin imagined as life’s birthplace contained a rich broth of<br />organic soup. Over eons, he hypothesized that they would gradually assemble themselves<br />into primitive organisms. For the next century, Darwin assumption was expanded by the<br />neo-evolutionists that decided that the pond was really the ocean and began trying to<br />figure out where the building blocks of life could have come from.<br />Most colleges and high schools textbooks in biology, zoology, and life sciences<br />present the origin of life from the evolutionists’ point of view. Life just started through a<br />series of happy coincidences that led to the development of the first living cell. Reading<br />these books, one would find a great deal of usage of speculative sentences like “could<br />have been”, “might have been”, “it was suggested”, and so on. However, the usual final<br />conclusion of this subject is that “life developed on Earth through a series of chemical<br />reactions that just happened when the circumstances were right.” This is part of the<br />brainwashing of the education systems that are mostly controlled by evolutionists. No<br />mention of the probability of the occurrence of a single step in this hypothetical scenario.<br />There is no mention of the fact that we do not know exactly the composition and the<br />environment of the early atmosphere. There is no mention of any suggestion that there<br />might be another alternative for the origin of life just in case that the hypothetical steps to<br />start life do not add up. The biggest irony is that the origin of life is presented as a fact<br />using doubtful languages!<br />Some scientists imagined that simple organic molecules produced in the early<br />atmosphere could have fallen from space during heavy rain. The origin of these molecules<br />could have been under the blazing skies of a faraway planet racked by volcanic eruption<br />and bombarded by comets and asteroids. It is hypothesized that the molecules reacted to<br />form more complex compounds such as fat, protein, and nucleotides. They were then<br />happened to sweep into the newly formed oceans.<br />What are the chances of the whole above scenario to happen in the above<br />sequence? Realistically speaking, not a single chance. However, in a science fiction<br />movie, a group of scientists traveled back in time to watch the formation of this organic<br />soup! The lightning and ultraviolet would quickly decompose any complex amino acids that<br />formed. Miller saved the 4 amino acids that he obtained only because he removed them<br />away from the discharges. Had he left them there, the discharges would have<br />decomposed them.</i><br />
<i><br />However, if it were assumed that amino acids somehow reached the oceans, then<br />under the surface of the water there would not be enough energy to activate further<br />chemical reactions. Water in any case prohibits growth of more complex molecules. Thus,<br />once the amino acids are in the water, they must get out of it if they are to form larger<br />molecules and evolve towards becoming proteins. But once they get out of the water, they<br />are faced with the destructive ultraviolet light again. In other words there are no chances to<br />reach this first and relatively simple step (getting the amino acids) in the evolution of life. It<br />is therefore difficult to see how polymerization (linking together smaller molecules to form<br />bigger ones) could have proceeded in the early ocean, since the presence of water favors<br />depolymerization (breaking up bigger molecules into smaller ones) rather than<br />polymerization. That is to say that water has the property of dissolving matter and not<br />combining them. This is one of the many difficult problems that encounter evolutionists.<br />To continue this science fiction’s scenario, groups of these molecules could have<br />come together in the oceans. Some kind of a membrane might have formed that kept them<br />separated from the surrounding water. The chemical surrounded by the membrane might<br />be called the first living cell on Earth! But this membrane is extremely complex, made up of<br />proteins, sugar, and fat molecules. The cell membrane includes channels and pumps that<br />specifically control the influx and efflux of nutrients, and waste products. These specialized<br />channels involve highly specific proteins, which could not have been present at the very<br />beginning of life. Other molecules outside the membrane might have been brought<br />together in a simple “life machine.” Some protein might have served as enzymes to<br />activate chemical reactions. Sugar might have been formed and used as a source of<br />energy. With energy from respiration that did not use oxygen, because it did not exist<br />freely, early living cells became better organized. Nucleic acids eventually took over<br />control of the activities (including reproduction) of these first cells.<br />It is also suggested that there was competition for energy sources between the<br />primitive cells. This struggle for existence might have led to the evolution of the first<br />producers. These are organisms that used photosynthesis to make their own food and<br />provided food for the earlier consumers. Photosynthesis would have led to the existence of<br />free oxygen, which in turn could have been used for respiration. As a result, more energy<br />would be available for other functions.<br />As you read the above sequence of hypothetical events that led to the first living<br />cell, you should ask yourself about the feasibility and the likelihood of each step. The<br />chance of composing a living cell in such a manner is equal to the chance of composing a</i><br />
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<br />book by an infinite number of monkeys using an infinite number of computers in 10 billion<br />years!<br />There are many unanswered questions that face evolutionists. For example, there<br />are actually over 100 amino acids, but only 20 of the 100 are required for life's proteins.<br />These amino acids come in two groups. Should they be formed at random, as in the<br />imaginary organic soup, it is most likely that each half would be from one group. And there<br />is no known reason why either group should dominate living cells. Yet, the 20 amino acids<br />used in producing life's proteins are from one group! It must be admitted that the<br />explanation of this problem still remains one of the most difficult questions. Evolutionists<br />just may never be able to explain it. What is the probability that 20 amino acids, of the<br />same group, would come together by chance to form a protein molecule? To have an<br />appreciation of this question, you may try the following experiment:<br /><i>Mix a hundred grains of rice with another hundred grains of lentil. The rice represents one<br />group and the lentil represents the other group. Plunge a spoon randomly in the pile as<br />many times as you want. The objective is to get only 20 grains of rice arranged in a<br />specified place in the spoon. How many numbers of times you think it will take you to<br />achieve this objective? Do you think that it is even possible to do that? No. Then how<br />would it have been possible in the hypothetical organic soup?<br />To understand the meaning of probability of something to happen, assume that you<br />have 2 cards, 1 and 2, with faces down, and you want to get them in ascending order 12.<br />So, if you get 1 and then 2, you are correct. But if you get 2 and then 1, you are wrong.<br />Thus there is one chance in two that you get the right combination. This probability<br />calculation is based upon the assumption that once you get a wrong combination you do<br />not repeat it, because there is a chance that you may be unlucky and always get the<br />wrong combination 2 and then 1.<br />Now, assume that you have three numbers: 1, 2, and 3, and you want to get the<br />combination in ascending order 123. There are six possible ways to a combination: 123,<br />132, 213, 231, 312, and 321. Since you are required to get only 123, then you have 1<br />chance in 6 of success. The number of chances is obtained by calculating the factorial as<br />follows:<br />Number of combination to 2 cards = 2 x 1 =2<br />Number of combination to 3 cards = 3 x 2 x 1 =6<br />Number of combination to 4 cards = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 =24<br /><br />Number of combination to 10 cards = 3,628,800<br />Number of combination to 20 cards = 2.43E18<br />Number of combination to 100 cards = 1E158<br />Now, assume that you already have the required 20 amino acids, and you just want to<br />put them in the right sequence in a single protein molecule. If each trial to arrange the 20<br />amino acids takes one second, you would require 2.43E18 seconds to do that. If we<br />assume that the universe is 30 billion years old, then this number can be calculated in<br />seconds as follows:<br />30,000,000,000 x 365 days x 24 hours x 60 minutes x 60 seconds = 1E18 seconds<br />It is now obvious that the time required to arrange the 20 amino acids in a single protein<br />molecule (2.43E18 seconds) may be more than double the age of the universe! This is<br />without considering that the 20 amino acids of the same group, and there are over 100<br />amino acids.</i><br />
<i><br />According to Henry Morris in “Scientific Creationism”, the chance of even a<br />medium protein molecule forming at random in an organic soup is only one in 1E600 (one<br />followed by 600 zero!). In plain English, this mean that someone may try this 1E600 times<br />before getting a chance to succeed! Mathematicians consider this kind of a chance as<br />never happening. This number of 1E600 is larger than the estimated total number of<br />electrons in the universe, which is 1E80.<br />Yet another greater difficulties for evolutionary theory involves the origin of the<br />complete genetic code - a requirement for cell production. The old philosophical paradox<br />of "the chicken or the egg?" can now be stated "the proteins or the DNA?” This creates an<br />interesting dilemma that is expressed by Hitching as follows “Proteins depend on DNA for<br />their formation, but the DNA cannot form without pre-existing proteins.” Some evolutionists<br />think that they have the answer; they developed by chance together at the same time and<br />in the same place! Does this strike you as reasonable explanation even if this statement is<br />coming from a modern serious scientist?<br />It is obvious that the origin of life discredits evolution.</i></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-32024319729244051192014-03-21T22:44:00.001+05:302014-03-21T22:44:13.440+05:30Contradictions among Gospels Part 3:Gospel According to Luke John<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Gospel
According to Luke</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Christian
tradition suggests that this Gospel is attributed to “Luke, the beloved</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">physician”
(Colossians 4:14), who is one of the “fellow laborer” (Philemon 1:24)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">mentioned
by Paul. Also, the Acts of the Apostles is credited to Luke. Most Christian</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">scholars
accept Luke's authorship of both works. Some scholars suggest that Luke was</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">one
of Paul’s disciples. Others doubt that Luke and Paul were closely associated
during</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Paul's
missionary work, because of contradiction between Paul's letters and the stories</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">of
Paul in Acts.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Many scholars suggest
that this Gospel was written for the Gentiles, while others</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">imply that it was
written for the Greeks or the Egyptians. Most scholars agree that the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">writing of this Gospel
is from 70 to 80 AD. Other possible dates might be 53, or 63, or</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">65, or the end of the
first century. It is also unknown whether the Gospel was written in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Rome, Asia Minor, or
Greece.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">This
Gospel is an expanded version of the Gospel of Mark. Most scholars agree that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Luke
used the source “Q” as well as an oral tradition, sometimes known as “L”
collected</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">by
or known only to Luke. Luke has some exclusive stories that include the
annunciation</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">(1:26-38);
the visit of Mary, the mother of Jesus, to Elizabeth, the mother of John the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Baptist
(1:39-56); the birth of John the Baptist (1:57-80); Jesus' circumcision and</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">presentation
in the Temple (2:21-40); Jesus' appearance in the Temple at 12 years of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">age
(2:41-52); Jesus' last words to his disciples (22:21-38), his words on the way
to the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">cross
(23:28-31), the words of the two crucified criminals (23:39-43), the
appearances of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
risen Christ on the road to Emmaus and in Jerusalem (24:13-49), and Jesus'</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">ascension
(24:50-53).</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Luke
introduces a genealogy of Jesus that is different from that of Matthew. Luke</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">locates
the place of Jesus' Great Sermon on a flat place (6:17), while Mark states a</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">198</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">hilltop
(6:20-49). Luke attributed different last words of Jesus on the cross from
those of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Matthew
or Mark (23:46).</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
conclusion is that the author of this Gospel is unknown, the place of writing
this</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospel
is unknown, the time of writing this Gospel is unknown, and the Gospel</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">contains
stories that contradict other Gospels. Yet the Church wants us to believe</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">that
the Almighty inspired the whole Bible, word for word.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Gospel
According to John</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
Gospel according to John is another story. The author explains his reason of
writing</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">this
Gospel, 20:30-31: he states many miracles of Jesus for the reader to believe
that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Jesus
is the Christ and the Son of God. John did not introduce the trinity, but
confirms</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
“duality of God.” Both father and son are gods. This Gospel was not included in
the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">acceptable
documents of the Fathers of the Church in the second and third century.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Scholars
suggest that this Gospel is written in the latter part of the second century,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">possibly
in the ancient Greek city of Ephesus. There are many serious questions about</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">this
Gospel. Why did the author of this Gospel choose completely different direction</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">from
the synoptic Gospels? Why did he emphasize the divinity of Jesus? It is a fact
that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">this
Gospel was written after the synoptic Gospels. This indicates that many
Christians</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">did
not believe in the divinity of Jesus, before writing this Gospel. Some scholars</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">suggest
that bishops that believed in the divinity of Jesus asked the author of John to</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">write
a Gospel that states clearly that Jesus is divine. Other suggests that the
author</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">was
a philosophy student in Alexandria, who had been asked to write a Gospel that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">brings
Greek philosophy and Christianity closer together. We may never know the truth</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">about
this Gospel, but the fact is this is very different from the rest of the New</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Testament.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The author establishes
from the start that he follows the Greek philosophy and the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">concept of the Logos
(1:1-18). Jesus Christ is the incarnation of </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“the Word” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">who
has a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">pre-existent life
before his mother and anyone else for that matter. Jesus’ death is the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">return of the
incarnate Son to the Father. The Gospel tells a story of a woman caught in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">adultery (7:53-8:11). </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
Easy to Read Bible has a footnote stating that this incident is</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">not
included in the best Greek copies. </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Again, the question is: why then were these
words</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">added?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">199</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">To establish that
Jesus is the Logos, the author states many miracles: the changing</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">of water into wine for
the wedding at Cana (2:1-11); the healing of an official's son (4:46-</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">54); the healing of a
man who had been sick for 38 years (5:1-9); the feeding of about</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">5000 men (6:1-15), the
only miracle recorded in each of the four Gospels; the healing of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">a man who had been
blind from birth (9:1-7); and the raising of Jesus' friend Lazarus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">from the dead
(11:1-46); Jesus walking on the sea (6:16-21); his death (19:30) and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">appearances as the
risen Christ (20:1-29).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
conclusion is that the author of this Gospel is unknown, the place of writing
this</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospel
is unknown, the time of writing this Gospel is unknown. </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">The
Gospel focuses</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">on
the duality rather than the oneness of God, and the Gospel follows the</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">Greek
polytheistic philosophy to introduce a monotheistic religion. </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Yet
the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Church
wants us to believe that the Almighty inspires the whole Bible, word for word.</span></i></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-54845852272863649782014-03-21T22:43:00.001+05:302014-03-21T22:43:17.751+05:30Contradictions among Gospels Part 1 :Gospel According to Mark<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Gospel
According to Mark</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The Gospel begins with
</span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">”The
Good News about Jesus Christ, the Son of God...” The</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Easy
to Read Bible has a footnote stating that some Greek copies omit the “Son of
God”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">from
this verse. </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Taking into consideration that “the son of god”
is the most important</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">statement in
Christianity, how can it be added or omitted from the Gospel of Mark? Did</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Mark or did he not
write this statement? Is it possible that the statement “the son of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">god”, in this verse is
a Hebrew expression that meant intimacy with God? There are</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">many references in the
Old Testament about prophets being called Son of God.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
Gospel of Mark is the shortest of the four Gospels. In the third century the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Christian
historian Eusebius of Caesarea, relates this Gospel to Mark, using a statement</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">from
an earlier writer named Papias (60? -125?). Papias suggested that Mark was John</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Mark,
cousin of Barnabas, mentioned in Acts 15:37-39, in several letters of Paul,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">(Colossians
4:10; 2 Timothy 4:11; Philemon 24), and in 1 Peter 5:13. It is extremely</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">difficult
to confirm that Mark was actually John Mark. Some Christian scholars think that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">an
unknown Christian named Mark wrote this Gospel.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">In
chapter 13, Mark refers to the destruction of Jerusalem, which makes the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">writing
of this Gospel to be around 70 AD. Clement of Alexandria stated that Rome was</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
place of writing, while other scholars suggested that it might have been
written in</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Galilee
or Syria.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">This
Gospel does not include any information about Jesus’ childhood. It starts</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">with
his baptism by John the Baptist. The story goes on until his arrest,
crucifixion, and</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">burial.
Mark (8:11-13) is in contradiction with Matthew and Luke with regards to the sign</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">of
Jonas. In Mark, Jesus says that there will be no sign without any exception.
Mark</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">states
that during crucifixion at noon the whole land became dark (15:33). Mark
reports</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
saying of Jesus on the Cross as follows:</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Eloi,
Eloi, lama sabachtani?” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">(Mark 15:34), which is identical to Matthew
27:46.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">There
are two versions for ending of this Gospel. Most of the Greek manuscripts</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">have
the “long ending,” closing at 16:20. The second version with the “short ending”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">extends
only through 16:8. Most scholars believe that the short version is the correct</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">one.
Verses 16:9-20 are not included in the two oldest manuscripts of the Gospels,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Codex
Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. There was a sudden and improper ending of the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospel
of Mark. Verses 16:9-20 are added from the Gospel of Luke to have a</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">197</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">reasonable
ending! What a blunt admission is provided for us here? Human</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">manipulation
of the texts of the holy inspired Scriptures is just outrageous!</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
conclusion is that the author of this Gospel is unknown, the place of writing
this</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospel
is unknown, the time of writing this Gospel is unknown, and the Gospel</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">contains
stories that contradict other Gospels. Yet the Church wants us to believe</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">that
the Almighty inspired the whole Bible, word for word.</span></i></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-85756735768118982422014-03-21T22:42:00.001+05:302014-03-21T22:42:12.546+05:30Contradictions among Gospels Part 1 :The Gospels<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The Gospels</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
four Gospels are the heart of the New Testament. The first three Gospels are
called</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">synoptic
because they generally correspond to each other. Yet, the origin of these</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospels
is the greatest mystery of Christianity. There are so many mysteries relating
to</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
Gospels. Who did actually write them? When and where were they written? These</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospels
are full of contradictions. Apologists through complex and elusive
interpretation</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">might
handle some contradictions. Others are shy of explanation or outright</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">unacceptable.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The careful reader
that is interested in reading the titles of each chapter in the Bible</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">may ask why the titles
of all four Gospels have the word “according to”, like the Gospel</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">according
to </span></b><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Saint Matthew. Why “according to”? Why did the authors not identify</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">themselves first? In
the Gospel according to Matthew 9:9:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And
as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">named
Matthew</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Why did Matthew not
say, “he saw me” instead of “he saw a man, named Matthew”?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">In John 21:24 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“This
is the disciple which testify of these things, and wrote these</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">things:
and </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">we </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">know that </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">his
</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">testimony is true.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">194</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Who are “we”? And why
did John talk about himself as third person “his”? And why in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the following verse,
he referred to himself as “I”? Was verse 21:24 written by someone</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">else and verse 21:25
written by John?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Gospel
According to Matthew</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Matthew was one of the
apostles of Jesus, although not a distinguished one. According</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">to tradition, he was
the author of the first Gospel and therefore one of the four</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">evangelists. However,
little is known about Matthew. The first three Gospels state that</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">he was a tax collector
who would have been a man of some education, skilled in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">arithmetic and able to
speak both Aramaic and Greek. Some scholars suggest that he</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">left to Ethiopia for
preaching Christianity where he died there at 63 or 70 AD.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">There are evidences to
indicate that this Gospel was written for the Jews,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">because the Gospel
includes many references to Jewish scripture. The Gospel was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">written in Hebrew,
then an unknown person translated it to Greek, and the original</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Hebrew manuscript has
perished. This raises a serious question about the knowledge</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and intention of the
translator. Was he knowledgeable enough in the two languages?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">What was his
background? Was he a Jew or a Gentile? Did he try to push certain</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">concepts in the
Gospel? Early Christian writers suggested that Matthew wrote his</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Gospel in Palestine;
others favored the city of Antioch in Syria. The date of writing, as</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">frequently suggested,
was around the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD, perhaps from</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">65 to 80 AD. The date
of writing the original manuscripts is unknown. Why did Matthew</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">wait 40 years after
Jesus to write his Gospel? Was it really written by Matthew or</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">someone from the
second generation, perhaps one of his students? The author of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Matthew used Mark and
“Q” as his two major sources.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Matthew emphasizes
that Jesus is the promised Messiah of the Jews. Jesus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">states that he did not
come to destroy the Law of Moses, but to fulfill (5:17). Also, Jesus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">commands his disciples
to preach </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“to the lost sheep of the house of Israel” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">(10:6).
The</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">influence of this
Gospel on Christianity has been authoritarian ever since its writing. This</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">is because the Gospel
was used in the formulation of doctrine and the divine nature of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Jesus, an importance
shared only by the Gospel of John.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Matthew includes some
exclusive stories: the visit of the wise men from the East</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">(2:1); the travel of
Jesus’ family to Egypt to escape the slaughter of male children by</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">195</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Herod the Great; and
their return from Egypt after Herod's death. The death of Jesus'</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">betrayer, Judas
Iscariot (27:3-10), the dream of Pontius Pilate's wife (27:19), Pilate's</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">washing his hands of
liability for Jesus' death (27:24-25), the earthquake following</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Jesus' death
(27:51-53), the guard at the tomb (27:62-66), the earthquake at the time of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Jesus' resurrection
(28:2-4), and the appearances of the risen Christ to Mary Magdalene</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and the other Mary
(28:9-10) and to his disciples in Galilee (28:16-20). Matthew (1:18-</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">2:23) shows
similarities between Moses and Jesus to appeal to the Jews. Both were</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">hidden from an evil
king that massacred children, and both lived in Egypt in their</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">childhood.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Many scholars regard
Matthew as a writer with wild imagination. He includes stories</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">in his Gospel that are
unbelievable. An example, of his outrageous imagination, is the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">description of the
events relating to the crucifixion of Jesus. The whole country became</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">dark for three hours,
the temple was torn into two pieces, the tears started at the top and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">tore all the way to
the bottom, an earthquake happened, and many dead people were</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">resurrected and went
to Jerusalem, and were seen by many (27:51-53). </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">This
is a big</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">story</span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">.
It should have been reported in the other Gospels. Did these stories convert a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">large number of people
to Christianity? These stories have no correspondence in the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">other three Gospels.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The most debatable
story in the Gospel of Matthew concerns Jonas’ sign</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">(12:38:40)</span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">.
When the Pharisees ask Jesus for a proof, Jesus replies that the son of man</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">will give the miracle
that happened to Jonas. Luke has the same story, but Mark is in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">contradiction with
Matthew and Luke with regards to the sign of Jonas.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Matthew reports the
saying of Jesus on the Cross: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Eli, Eli, lama sabachtani?” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">This</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">means My God, my God,
why did you abandon me? (Matthew 27:46), which is identical</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">to Mark 15:34.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
conclusion is that the author of this Gospel is unknown, the place of writing
this</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Gospel
is unknown, the time of writing this Gospel is unknown, and the Gospel</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">contains
stories that contradict other Gospels. Yet the Church wants us to believe</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">that
the Almighty inspired the whole Bible, word for word.</span></i></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-20568815164526849962014-03-21T22:40:00.003+05:302014-03-21T22:40:52.254+05:30 Contradictions in New testament Part 4 :English Translations<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">English
Translations</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Christianity reached
England with a Latin Bible. There was a need to offer an English</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Bible for both the
clergy and the laymen. Between the seventh and fourteenth centuries,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">parts of the Bible
were roughly translated into English as an aid to the clergy. Interest in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">translation from Latin
to English grew rapidly in the fourteenth century, and in 1382 the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">first complete English
Bible appeared in manuscript. It was the work of the English</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">scholar John Wycliffe,
whose goal was to give the Bible to the people.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">In
1525 the English scholar William Tyndale translated the New Testament from</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
Greek text. It was printed in Germany and smuggled into England. Tyndale's</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">translation
of the Old Testament from the Hebrew text was only partly completed. His</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">simple
writing and popular expression established a style in English translation that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">dominated
future versions.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">In 1535 the English
scholar Miles Coverdale published an English translation</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">based on German and
Latin versions in addition to Tyndale's. This was not only the first</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">complete English Bible
to appear in printed form, but unlike its predecessors, it was an</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">approved version by
the Canterbury Convocation. Later, Oliver Cromwell nominated</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Coverdale to produce a
new Bible, which appeared in six editions between 1539 and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">1568. This Bible was
called the Great Bible, which was primarily a scholarly Bible. The</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">next important version
was produced in Geneva in 1560 by English Protestants in exile,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and was called the
Geneva Bible. This Bible contained several innovations including the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">division of chapters
into numbered verses. The final revision of the Great Bible, in 1568,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">by scholars and
bishops of the Anglican Church was known as the Bishops' Bible. This</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Bible was designed to
replace the Great Bible with a translation for the laymen.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
King James Version and Its Revisions</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">In 1604 King James I
commissioned a new revision of the English Bible; it was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">completed in 1611.
Following Tyndale primarily, this Authorized Version, also known as</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the King James
Version, was widely acclaimed for its beauty and simplicity of style. In</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the years that
followed, the Authorized Version underwent several revisions, the most</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">notable being the
English Revised Version (1881-85), the American Standard Version</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">192</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">(1901), and the
revision of the American Standard Version undertaken by the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">International Council
of Religious Education, representing 40 Protestant denominations</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">in the US and Canada.
This Revised Standard Version (RSV) appeared between 1946</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and 1952. Widely
accepted by Orthodox, Protestant, and Roman Catholic Christians, it</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">provided the basis for
the first accepted English Bible. In the Preface of the RSV, 1971,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the following is
written:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“</span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">The
King James Version has grave defects</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">. By the middle of
the nineteenth</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">century,
the development of Biblical studies and the discovery of many manuscripts</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">more
ancient than those upon which the King James Version was based, made it</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">manifest,
that </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">these defects are so many and so
serious </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">as to call for the revision</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">of
the English translation.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The preface continued to refer to the unhappy
experience</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">with unauthorized
publications, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“which </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">tampered with the text </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">of
the English</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Revised
Version, in the supposed interest of the American public.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The New Revised
Standard Version (NRSV, 1989) eliminated much</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">obsolete and ambiguous
usage. The New King James Bible, with contemporary</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">American vocabulary,
was published in 1982. The Holy Bible, Easy-to-Read version, in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">1987 and 1989, was
adapted from the existing text by the World Bible Translation</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Center to represent present
day English.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Roman Catholic Versions</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Roman Catholics in
English-speaking countries commonly used the Douay or Douay-</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Rheims Bible,
completed between 1582 and 1609, until the eighteenth century, when the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">English bishop Richard
Challoner considerably revised it. The Douay Bible was a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">translation from the
Latin Vulgate, primarily the work of two English exiles in France,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">William Allen
(1532-1594) and Gregory Martin (1540? -1582). During the nineteenth and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">twentieth centuries,
Roman Catholics replaced the Douay and Challoner Bibles with</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">other translations. In
the United States, one of the most widely used is the New</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">American Bible of
1970. It is the first complete Bible to be translated from Hebrew and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Greek by American
Roman Catholics.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The Roman Catholic
Version, RCV, is the oldest version that one can buy today.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Despite its antiquity,
the whole Protestant world condemns the RCV, because it contains</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">193</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">seven extra books,
which they refer to as the Apocrypha. Notwithstanding the terrible</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">warning contained in
the Apocalypse, which is the last book in the RCV (renamed as</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">“Revelation” by the
Protestant), it is “revealed”:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Revelation
22:18-19 “If any man shall </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">add unto these things </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">God
shall add unto</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">him
the plagues written in this book. And if any man </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">shall
take away from the</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">words
of the book of this prophecy</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">, God shall take away his part out of
the book</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">of
life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this
book.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">In spite of the above
warning, the Protestants have eliminated or the Catholics</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">have added seven whole
books from their “Word of God”. These books are: Tobias,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Judith, Wisdom,
Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, 1 Machabees, and 2 Machabees.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-45462381524386539632014-03-21T22:39:00.003+05:302014-03-21T22:39:55.039+05:30Contradictions in New testament Part 3 :Ancient Versions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Ancient
Versions</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The rapid spread of
Christianity beyond the regions where Greek prevailed necessitated</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">translations into
Syrian, Old Latin, Coptic, Gothic, Armenian, Georgian, Ethiopian, and</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Arabic. Syrian and
Latin versions existed as early as the second century, and Coptic</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">translations began to
appear in the third century. These early versions were in no sense</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">official translations
but happened to meet regional needs in worship and preaching. The</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">translations were,
therefore, conducted in local languages by unknown translators and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">often included only
selected portions of the New Testament.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
Septuagint and Other Greek Versions</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The first major Greek
version is called the Septuagint (from “seventy”) because of the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">legend that seventy
scholars in Alexandria translated the Torah in the third century BC.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">190</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The legend narrated
how seventy translators had worked in independent cells and had</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">all come up with the
identical versions of the sacred text. Thus the Septuagint often</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">ranked as an inspired
version. Some of the Fathers of the Church thought the legend</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">had been ridiculous,
while others adhered firmly to it. Eventually other scholars, whose</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">skills and backgrounds
differed, translated the remaining Hebrew Scriptures.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
most valuable versions of the Hebrew Bible are the translations into Greek.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">In
some instances the Greek versions actually offer readings superior to the
Hebrew,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">being
based on older Hebrew texts. Many of the existing Greek manuscripts are much</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">older
than the manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible; they were included in copies of the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Christian
Bible that date from the fourth and fifth centuries. The oldest and the most</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">complete
text of the Old and New Testaments are in the form of fragments as different</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">from
scrolls, are:</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Codex Vaticanus </span></b><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">is
located in the Vatican Library and whose place of discovery is</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">unknown. It contains
nearly all the Greek Bible, but lacks Mark 16:9-20.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Codex Sinaiticus </span></b><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">is
located in the British Museum. It contains almost all the New</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Testament (Lacks Mark
16:9-20, and John 7:53- 8:11), and over half of the Old</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Testament. Tischendorf
in the Mount Sinai Monastery discovered it in a wastebasket</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">in 1844. It was
presented by the Monastery to the Russian Tsar, and bought by the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">British Government for
100,000 pounds on Christmas Day 1933.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Codex Alexandrinus </span></b><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">is
located in the British Museum. It is believed that it was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">written in Greek in
Alexandria, Egypt.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Numerous other Greek
translations were discovered; most of them existing only</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">in fragments or
quotations by the early Fathers of the Church and others.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Vulgate</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">During the fourth and
fifth centuries, efforts were made to replace the old Latin versions</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">with more standardized
and widely accepted translations. Missionaries perhaps</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">translated pieces of
the Bible into Latin. Pope Damasus I in 382 commissioned St.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Jerome to generate a
Latin Bible using many individual efforts. This Bible, known as the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Vulgate, (Latin
vulgata, “popular edition”) aroused deep opposition. As is usually the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">case, the new version
slowly and painfully replaced the old versions.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-35778524439919575692014-03-21T22:38:00.002+05:302014-03-21T22:38:58.232+05:30Contradictions in NEW testament Part 2 :Versions of the New Testament<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Versions of the New Testament</span></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjx5_kHfPMVbZRV2QUU6SxITd6o2hQWFiBYgAKl7WbxdYKX09jnhxPrIHqc-YhtUj8dGaEam-LWd6tX57_cN5pN-rc-vu8APZqs3kzy4EQrly0Lca43XjLcyCQaeqNcDkHpwoFhqEl6xFH/s1600/255410_483143715053009_998644080_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjx5_kHfPMVbZRV2QUU6SxITd6o2hQWFiBYgAKl7WbxdYKX09jnhxPrIHqc-YhtUj8dGaEam-LWd6tX57_cN5pN-rc-vu8APZqs3kzy4EQrly0Lca43XjLcyCQaeqNcDkHpwoFhqEl6xFH/s1600/255410_483143715053009_998644080_n.jpg" height="212" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">The New Testament
consists of 27 documents written between 60? - 150? AD. Although</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">some have argued that
Aramaic originals lie behind some of the Gospels, especially the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Gospel of Matthew and
the Epistle to the Hebrews all have been circulated in Greek. For</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">a period of time, some
Christian scholars treated the Greek of the New Testament as a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">special kind of
religious language. It is now known that the language of the New</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Testament was koine,
i.e. common Greek that was used everywhere. The 27 books of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the New Testament are
only a fraction of the Christian scriptures in their first three</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">centuries. The New
Testament was widely copied and recopied. As many as 50 Gospels</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">were circulating during
this time. Many of these non-canonical Christian writings have</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">been collected and
published as New Testament Apocrypha, i.e. doubtful authority.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Existing Greek
manuscripts of the New Testament - complete, partial, or</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">fragmentary - now
number about 5000. It is important to know that none of these</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">manuscripts have the
signature of its author. Probably the oldest is a fragment of the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Gospel of John dated
about 120 to 140 AD. There are broad similarities among these</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">manuscripts.
Discrepancies, however, involve omissions and additions. The more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">significant of these
variants usually appear in English translations as footnotes citing</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">what other ancient
authorities say. For example, John 7:53 - 8:11 has a footnote saying</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">that the oldest and
the best Greek copies do not have these verses according to the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Bible, Easy to Read
Version. So, who added them, and why?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Tracing the history of
the development of the New Testament by noting which of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the books were quoted
or cited by the early Fathers of the Church is an uncertain</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">process. It seems that
the earliest attempt to establish a canon was made about 150 AD</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">by a heretical
Christian named Marcion, whose acceptable list included the Gospel of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Luke and Ten Pauline
Epistles, edited in a strong anti-Jewish language. Perhaps</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">opposition to Marcion
accelerated efforts toward a canon of wide acceptance.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">By 200 AD, 20 of the
27 books of the New Testament seem to have been</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">generally regarded as
acceptable. However differences still existed between the Eastern</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">189</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and Western Churches.
Generally speaking, the books that were disputed for some time</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">but were finally
included were James, Hebrews, 2 John, 3 John, Jude, 2 Peter, and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Revelation. Other
books widely favored but finally rejected, were Barnabas, 1 Clement,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Hermas, and the
Didache</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">As was mentioned
before, the Jewish Bible was written in Hebrew, except for a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">few sections in
Aramaic. When Aramaic replaced Hebrew as the language of everyday</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">life, translations to
Hebrew became necessary. This fact that the Old Testament was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">written in Hebrew
helped the Jews to reserve their Scriptures. On the other hand, the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">New Testament was
written in Greek and Aramaic. The present English translation of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the Bible came from a
long history of translation, collection, and interpretations, as</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">outlined in the
following:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Original
Manuscripts</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">One would assume that
the word of God that was delivered to Jesus would be recorded</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">somehow. Moses got the
Ten Commandments written on tablets and Muhammad got</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">his revelations
immediately recorded and memorized. So what happened to the original</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">New Testament? This is
one of the biggest mysteries in Christianity. It is agreed upon</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">that the original
manuscripts of the Christian Bible have perished!</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-45885219511383169822014-03-21T22:37:00.000+05:302014-03-21T22:37:30.173+05:30Contradictions in the New Testament<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br /><b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Contradictions in the New Testament</span></b></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">I was talking to a
Christian friend about the authenticity of the Bible. A few days later, he</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">gave me a book from
his pastor, and told me that if I read this book, I would understand</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and believe in the
authenticity of the Bible. The book is called </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Evidence That
Demands</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">a
Verdict”, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">and was written by McDowell in 1972. The book
deals with “Apologetics”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">which is a branch of
theology that provides a defense for belief in God through a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">presentation of
evidences that answer criticism against the Christian doctrine. The</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">author, like all
apologists, presented tremendous evidences about confirmation of the</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Bible by history as
well as archaeology. The book emphasized the moral values that</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Jesus preached. The
author also addressed many of the prophecies in the Old</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Testament and showed
that these prophecies actually happened.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">No single monotheist
dares to say that the Old Testament or the New Testament</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">should in any way be
disregarded as a whole. No one should disagree about the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">effectiveness of the sayings
of Jesus and Moses regarding the well being of humanity.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">208</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">However, a witness in
a court of law is usually asked to speak the truth, </span><b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">the
whole</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">truth</span></b><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">,
and nothing but the truth. Do the Christian apologists and the Sunday preachers</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">really believe in this
witness swearing in the courts? They preach half the truth and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">prefer to keep their
congregation in the dark about the other half. No Christian preacher</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">in a Sunday class or
on TV addresses the many conflicts in the Bible. And even if he</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">does, he is going to
approach any contradiction very casually. The preacher may even</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">use the approach of
Origen and St. Augustine and explain contradictions between the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">biblical texts as a
divine will to teach a point of a deeper meaning that lies beyond</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">human comprehension!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Each of the four
Gospels includes a large number of descriptions relating events</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">that may be unique to
a single Gospel, or common to some or all of them. Common</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the Bible, especially
if one holds the notion that whole Bible is divinely inspired. Also,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">when events are unique
to one Gospel, they too raise serious problems. Thus in the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">case of an event of
considerable importance, it should be surprising to find the event</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">mentioned by only one
Evangelist: Jesus’ Ascension into heaven on the day of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
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example. Elsewhere, numerous events are differently described -</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">sometimes very
differently indeed - by two or more Evangelists.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Christians are often
astonished at the existence of such contradictions between</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">the Gospels - if they
ever discover them. This is because it has been repeatedly said in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">tones of the greatest
assurance that their authors were the eyewitnesses of the events</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">described! If there
are few contradictions in the New Testament, one might attempt to</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">find a reasonable
interpretation, or blame it on our human limitation. But if the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">contradictions are so
many and they exist in serious events, then this is another story.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">One might, in this
case, question any event in the New Testament that does not conform</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">to the previous
religious history.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Some of the following
contradictions were presented in the above sections.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">However, in the
following section an attempt is made to list some of the contradictions in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">details, for the
reader to appreciate the seriousness of the problem, and how can anyone</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">explain all these
conflicts. One Christian Apologist suggests a common answer for all the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">contradictions in the
Bible. He says, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“We know every apparent contradiction
in the Bible.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">They
happen because different authors receive different divine inspiration.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">Now,
which</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">divine inspiration do
we believe? This explanation is almost as comical, or sad, as the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif"; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica;">fact that he believes
that.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-68992702335606603812014-03-16T09:23:00.000+05:302014-03-16T09:23:06.097+05:30The last Words of Jesus (Part 5)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Pauline and Judeo-Christianity</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In the early stages of Christianity, there were two
versions of Christianity: one presented</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">by James, a relative of Jesus, and the rest of the
apostles as a mission to the Jews.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul introduced the second version as a religion for
Gentiles. Barnabas introduced Paul,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">to the other apostles in Jerusalem. But the disciples
</span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“were
all afraid of Paul and</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">believed
not that he was a disciple, but Barnabas took him and brought him to the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Apostles”,
</span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">(Act 9:26-27).
The apostles had doubtful feelings that Paul was not what he</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">222</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">seemed to claim. Paul tried first to preach to the
Jews, but he was unsuccessful as some</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">of the Apostles. They understood that the Jesus’
message was for “the black sheep of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Israel”, and Jesus came not to “destroy but to
fulfill.” And here was someone, that they</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">did not trust, pushing to steal the show and expand
the religion beyond its original</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">boundaries. The apostles were trying to conserve the
Jewish law, while Paul was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">exempting the Gentiles from this law. In Paul’s view,
it was very difficult, or even</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">impossible to approach a Greek or Roman with a new
religion and then, for example,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">ask the future convert, to be circumcised. Just
imagine a thirty-year old Greek leaning</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">towards Christianity, and then someone tells him: by
the way, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">you need to be</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">circumcised;
or if you commit adultery you are going to be stoned to death! </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">What do you</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">expect his reaction to be?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The author of 2 Peter speaks of difficulties in
understanding Paul (2 Peter 3:16),</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and then he said that: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“as
also in all his epistles, speaking in them of these things, in</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">which
are some things hard to understand, which untaught and unstable people twist to</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">their
own destruction, as they do also the rest of the Scriptures.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Peter was referring to</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the teachings of Paul. What did Peter mean by that?
How were the scriptures explained</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">in a way that was hard to understand? Who was Peter
referring to by untaught and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">unstable people? The Bible does not give any clues to
these questions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The small group of apostles formed a Jewish sect that
remained faithful to the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">form of worship practiced in the temples. Some men
went to Antioch in 49 AD, and told</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the Gentiles </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">”Except ye be circumcised after the
manner of Moses, ye cannot be saved.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">(Acts 15:1). Paul and Barnabas were against this
teaching. When converts from</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">paganism were presented to the apostles, a “special
system” was offered to them in the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">council of Jerusalem in 49 AD that exempted them from
circumcision and the Mosaic</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Law. This council was a meeting of Peter, Paul, and
the leaders of Jerusalem's</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Christians. Many Judeo-Christians rejected this
concession. This conservative group</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">was separated from Paul. For Paul, the circumcision,
Sabbath, and rituals of worship</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">practiced in the temple were old fashioned, even for
the Jews. Christianity was to free</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">itself from Judaism and open itself to the Gentiles.
The head of the community at that</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">time was James. James represented the Judeo-Christian
camp, which consciously</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">adhered to Judaism as opposed to the Pauline
Christianity. Jesus’ family, and certainly</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the Virgin Mary too, had a very important role in
supporting the Judeo-Christian church</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">of Jerusalem.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">223</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">It was not just in Jerusalem and Palestine that
Judeo-Christianity predominated</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">during the first hundred years of the church. The
Judeo-Christian mission seemed to</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">have developed everywhere before the Pauline mission.
This is certainly the explanation</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">of the fact that the letters of Paul had difficulties
in understanding the new religion. The</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">whole Syrian-Palestinian coast from Gaza to Antioch
was Judeo-Christian as witnessed</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">by the Acts and the writings of Clement. In Asia
Minor, Paul’s letters to the Galatians and</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Colossians indicated the existence of
Judeo-Christians.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">It is important to know these facts to understand the
struggle between</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">communities that ended up by shaping Christianity.
The Gospels began to appear</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">around 70 AD, the time where the two rival groups
were engaged in a fierce struggle,</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">with the Judeo-Christians winning this battle. Then
the Jews revolted against Rome in 66</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">AD, and after the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD
the Pauline version won the victory</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">after his death. From 70 AD to about 140 AD, the
Gospels of Mark, Matthew, Luke, and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">John appeared. They did not constitute the first
Christian documents: the letters of Paul</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">dated well before them.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul is the most controversial person in
Christianity. He was considered to be a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">traitor to Jesus’ teachings by the family and
apostles of Jesus. Paul created Christianity</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">at the expense of those whom Jesus had gathered
around him to spread his Gospel. He</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">proved the authority of his mission by declaring
Jesus, raised from the dead, had</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">appeared to him on the road to Damascus. It is
reasonable to state that Christianity</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">would not be the same without Paul. It is almost
certain that if this atmosphere of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">struggle between Christians had not existed, we would
not have had the Bible that we</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">know today. The Gospels started to appear at a time
of fierce struggle and political</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">upheaval, when Pauline Christianity won the battle of
the Gentiles, and created its own</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">collection of documents. These texts constituted the
“Canon” which condemned and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">excluded as heretical any other documents that were
not following Paul’s version of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Christianity. The Judeo-Christians were cut off from
the church that gradually freed itself</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">from Judaism and the Law. However, they existed in
few numbers in the third and fourth</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">centuries, especially in Palestine, Arabia, Jordan,
Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia. They</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">kept the original Christianity in their hearts, and
tried very hard to keep it alive. This was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">demonstrated by the efforts of Arius in Alexandria to
revive Judeo-Christianity.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-86782654611400025902014-03-16T09:22:00.000+05:302014-03-16T09:22:07.633+05:30The Last words of Jesus (Part 4)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">6.6
Paul and the Judeo-Christianity</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">All
historians agree that the existing Christian theology is based on the
perception of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Paul
and not on the true message of Jesus. Paul is called the greatest missionary of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Christianity
and its first theologian. Yet all Christian preachers attribute Christianity to</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">both
Jesus and Paul.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Paul:
Evangelist to the Gentiles</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In the late 1900s, major attention in the history of
Christianity was focused on Paul. This</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">was due to a strong critical examination of his views
on Judaism and the Mosaic Law.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">His position regarding the Law changed completely
after his conversion. The book of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Acts and Paul’s Epistles have been used as a source
of understanding Paul’s early life,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">conversion, and approach to theology. However, there
are problems in reconciling the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">accounts in Acts with those in Epistles. Gal. 1:15
suggests that, immediately before his</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">conversion and for three years afterwards, Paul lived
in Arabia and Damascus. Acts</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">seems to suggest that he lived in Jerusalem
(7:58-8:3; 9:1-2; 22:3). Similarly, while</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul’s letters mention two visits to Jerusalem
(Gal.1:18; 2:1), and that he hoped to make</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">a third (Rom. 15:25; 1 Cor. 16:4), Acts makes obvious
references to five visits (9:26-28;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">11:27-30; 15:1-4; 18:22; 21:17-19). Attempts to
reconcile these contradictions were</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">extremely difficult; so many scholars accepted their
discrepancy and used Acts and the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Epistles separately without trying to confuse the
public.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">220</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul was born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia (in
present day Turkey) in 4 AD. He</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">became a convert to Christianity after experiencing a
vision of Jesus during a journey</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">from Jerusalem to Damascus (Acts 9:1-19, 22:5-16,
26:12-18) about 33-35 AD. It is</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">important to remember the above contradiction
relating to his companions during Paul’s</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">vision. After 14 quiet years, Paul began to write his
Epistles that took him through Syria,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Galatia, Asia Minor, and Rome. Some scholars argue
that Paul spent those missing 14</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">years in Macedonia, Greece. This is probably true if
one assumes that he was testing</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and adjusting his method to present the new religion
to Pagans. Though Paul was in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jerusalem at the same time as Jesus, it is doubtful
that the two men ever met. His zeal</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">for Mosaic Law led him to persecute the Christian
church. First he thought of the church</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">to be a Jewish sect that was untrue to the Law and
should therefore be destroyed (Gal.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">1:13). Acts 7:54-60 portrays him as a supportive
witness to the stoning of St. Stephen,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the first Christian martyr. Paul was arrested in
Jerusalem after riots heated by his Jewish</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">opponents, and was eventually sent to Rome to stand
trial. It is unclear how that trial</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">ended, or if he ever left Rome. Eventually, in 64 he
was executed near Rome.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul established his credibility by maintaining that
Jesus spoke to him after he</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">was raised to Heaven. Paul perceived this revelation
to mark the end of all religions, and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">thus of all religious distinctions. He consistently
spoke of God's “call” to him. God has</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">called people and is continuing to call people into
the Christian community. Paul</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">recognized Peter’s effort to introduce Christianity
to the Jews, but he was convinced that</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Christianity was God's call to the entire world.
Although scholars do not fully understand</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul's motive for this effort, it is certain that he
attempted to bring together the churches</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">of his Gentile mission with the Jewish Christians in
Palestine.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The New Testament contains 13 letters bearing Paul's
name as author, and 7 of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">these were almost certainly written by Paul himself:
1 Thessalonians, Galatians, 1</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Romans, Philippians, and
Philemon. Christian scholars</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">debate the authenticity of the rest of the letters.
The seven letters, attributed to Paul, in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">which he occasionally speaks of his personal
experience and his work, are the major</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">sources of knowledge about the course of his life.
Most scholars concentrate on them</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and consult the Acts of the Apostles as an additional
source.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The letters of Paul reveal that his missionary
itinerary was focused on three</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">major objectives:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">221</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The
expansion of Christian missionary to the Gentiles in areas not approached by</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">other Christian evangelists—hence his plan to go as
far west as Spain, (Romans</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">1:14; 5:24, 28).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The
concern of a preacher to revisit his own congregations as problems arose. This</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">was demonstrated by his several visits to Corinth.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">His
constant determination to collect money from his largely rich Gentile churches</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and to deliver the money himself to Jesus’ Apostles
in Jerusalem.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Without a doubt, Paul had remarkable qualities that
made him the top evangelist</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">in the history of Christianity:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He
was very active in traveling and propagating his version of Christianity to the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Gentiles.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He
had an extraordinary capability for adapting himself to the situation of his</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">audience.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He
was more effective in writing than in speaking.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He
knew very well how to package the new religion, and presented it in an</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">acceptable form to the Gentiles.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">After knowing that about Paul, it is no wonder that
very many “successful” TV</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">evangelists are adopting Paul’s approach in
addressing the Christian public. TV</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">evangelists receive calls from God, and they
continually talk about those divine calls.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">These God’s calls range from requesting money, to
God’s revelation to the evangelist of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">his forgiveness if the evangelist committed a major
sin.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-34070784148370027762014-03-16T09:20:00.004+05:302014-03-16T09:23:28.598+05:30The Last words of Jesus (Part 3)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">John
(20:1-2) describes things differently. According to him, only Mary Magdalene</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">went to the grave early on the first day of the week
and found the stone already</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">removed. In a panic, she ran to Simon Peter and the
other apostles, telling them that</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">“they” had taken Jesus away to an unknown place.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">One really wonders why the countless collaborators of
the Bible had not taken</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">some care to synchronize this central event of
resurrection, and check their references.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The “original texts of God’s word” did not contain a
unified story about this major event,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and the simple Bible reader has the right to ask:
What did really happen?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The apostles’ reaction to the phenomenal events is
also most remarkable. They</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">did not believe a word of the story told by the
women, who were the two Marys and</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Joanna: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And their words seemed to them idle
tales, and they believed them not.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">(Luke</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">24:11). John (20:9) even affirms: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“For
as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">rise
from the dead.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">This
is quite incomprehensible. Throughout their four Gospels, the</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">evangelists reported Jesus’ statement that he would
die and rise again, yet at the end</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">they knew nothing about it?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Jesus’
Ascent:</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The account of Jesus’ ascent into heaven is also
contradictory:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">According
to Matthew (28:16-17), Jesus had summoned the disciples to a mountain</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">near Galilee for an appearance. When they saw him,
they worshipped him, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“but</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">some
doubted.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Matthew
has nothing further to say about the ascent into heaven.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">218</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Mark
(16:19) has one sentence to cover this important event: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“So
then after the Lord</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">had
spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">God.”
</span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">It is as simple
as that.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Luke
(24:50-51) makes Jesus himself lead the disciples </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“out
as far as Bethany.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">While he was blessing them, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“he
was parted from them, and carried up into heaven.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">John
(21) has nothing to say about the ascension into heaven!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
most important event in Jesus’ life, as recorded by “God’s word,” was</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">undoubtedly
the resurrection and the ascent into heaven. The evangelists reported very</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">many
unimportant details that one cannot understand why they did not describe the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">central
event on which the Christian doctrine is based in a colorful and genuinely</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">inspired
language. If Jesus had ascended into heaven in full view of everyone, or at
least</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">in
the circle of his disciples, the news would have spread through the streets of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Jerusalem
like a forest fire on the very first day. The people had taken a great interest
in</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
trial and the crucifixion, but not a single Roman or Jewish historian noted
down a</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">single
word about these Earth shaking events. The evangelists show only the most basic</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">knowledge
of them, and they could not have been eyewitnesses, because of their</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">contradictory
reports about these major events.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Did
Paul's traveling companions see and hear correctly?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Acts
9:7, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And the men which journeyed with him [Paul] stood
speechless, hearing a</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">voice,
but seeing no man.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Acts
22:9, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“ And they that were with me [Paul] saw indeed the light and
were afraid;</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">but
they heard not the voice of him that spake to me.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The author of the Gospel of Luke contradicts himself!
This first verse is Luke relating</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the story of Paul's encounter with the spirit of
Jesus that caused his conversion. The</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">second is Paul relating this story to some men that
had been beating him. The first says</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the men heard a voice but saw no man, while the
second says that they saw a light but</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">did not hear a voice.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Theological
Contradiction – Paul versus Jesus</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Mark
3:29, “</span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">He that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never
forgiveness.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">219</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Acts
13:39, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And by him that believe are justified from all things.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">This first verse is Jesus speaking to his disciples.
He is basically saying that the one</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">thing that cannot be forgiven is blaspheming against
the Holy Ghost, not the Father or</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the Son. He continues by saying that they run the
risk of eternal damnation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The second verse is from Acts and is written by the
same author who wrote the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Gospel of Luke. It is Paul addressing the
congregation at Antioch. Paul is saying that</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">through belief in Jesus the Christ, all things are
forgivable. No exception is made. Was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Paul not aware of Jesus' teachings? This is a blatant
contradiction to Jesus’ teaching.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">This is just one situation when Paul is taking charge
of the theology of Christianity.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-69026277049911247112014-03-16T09:19:00.001+05:302014-03-16T09:23:56.328+05:30The last words of Jesus (Part 2)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhArAgkQdIsh52aVgYdaZEPaibOlAPC1kenA67N7BXLFgQU5fkVHq1L1X8CjYvZYslya_tKxLh6MAB1RSsAm0-mAsdEDbSEsRFsmAFdB7Rlwdb4yNDwQrbPPpZv0LJ_tdnrMsNJMUmLyhXN/s1600/is.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhArAgkQdIsh52aVgYdaZEPaibOlAPC1kenA67N7BXLFgQU5fkVHq1L1X8CjYvZYslya_tKxLh6MAB1RSsAm0-mAsdEDbSEsRFsmAFdB7Rlwdb4yNDwQrbPPpZv0LJ_tdnrMsNJMUmLyhXN/s1600/is.jpg" height="320" width="227" /></a></b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Arrest of Jesus</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Matthew 26:47-50, Judas planned to do something to show the people, who came</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">to arrest Jesus, which man was Jesus. Judas said </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“The
man I kiss is Jesus. Arrest</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">him.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
John 18:1-8, Judas led a group of soldiers to the garden. Judas also brought
some</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">guards from the leading priests and the Pharisees.
They were carrying torches,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">lanterns, and weapons. Jesus knew everything that
would happen to him. Jesus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">went out and asked, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Whom seek ye? They
answered him, Jesus of Nazareth.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Jesus
said, “I am he”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Which one of these stories was inspired, and which
one was not? Can we gain</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">any reasonable answer from the apologetics?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Gentile woman</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Matthew 15:21, a Canaanite woman asked Jesus to help her daughter who had a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">demon inside her.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">215</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Mark 7:26, the woman was not a Jew. She was Greek, born in Phoenicia, an area</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">in Syria.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Was
this woman Canaanite or Phoenician?</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Does
it make a difference? Yes it does, if both sources claim to be inspired by God.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Last Super</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">John
places the Last Supper “before the Passover celebration.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">All
other three Gospels place the Last Super during the celebration.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Does
it make a difference? Yes it does, if both sources claim to be inspired by God.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">What
did Jesus drink on the cross?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Matthew
27:34, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“They gave him (Jesus) vinegar to drink, mingled with gall.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Mark
15:23 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And they gave him (Jesus) to drink, wine mingled with
myrrh.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">This is two different authors account of the same
event, Jesus on the cross. The first</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">is Matthew saying that they gave Jesus to drink vinegar
(old wine) mixed with gall, which</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">is a product that comes from the oak tree. It is used
in inks and medicines.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The second verse is from Mark, and it says wine mixed
with myrrh, which is a gum</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">resin used in the making of incense. Mark clearly
wrote his gospel first, and Matthew</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">must have not been clear on what Mark meant.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
High Priests</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The High Priests condemned Jesus because he had
“blasphemed” God for they found</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">no other reason. The High Priests asked whether he
was Christ, the Son of God:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The
answer according to Matthew (26:64): </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Thou hast said.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The
answer according to Mark (14:62): </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“I am.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The
answer according to Luke (22:70): </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Ye say that I am.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">216</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">John
gives more detailed information. Jesus defended himself before the high</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">priests: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“I ever taught in the synagogue and in
the temple, whither the Jews always</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">resort;
and in secret have I said nothing.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">(John
18:20)</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The contradictions of the four evangelists are
understandable. None of them</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">were present at the trial; they are merely reporting
rumors.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Who
carried Jesus' cross?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Mark
15:21, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And they compel one Simon a Cyrennian, who passed by,
coming out</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">of
the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus to bear his cross.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">John
19:16-17, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified.
And they</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">took
Jesus and led him away. And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In Mark’s version, the soldiers forced Simon to carry
the cross. In John’s version,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus carried his own cross. So, Who is right?
Neither of the authors of these tales can</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">say for sure because they were not there. Half the
truth Christian preachers publicize the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">story of John because it is more dramatic.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
resurrection</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The four Gospels have different accounts about the
resurrection</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Matthew
makes the whole scene very dramatic (28:1-9). Mary Magdalene and Mary</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the mother of James went to the tomb, which was
closed. At that time there was a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">strong earthquake. An angle of the Lord came from the
sky, his face like lightening</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and his robe as white as snow, moved the stone, sat
on it, and spoke to the women.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He showed them the place where Jesus’ body was and
said that he had risen, and</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">that they were to inform the disciples quickly. The
fact that they also met Jesus on</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the way is no longer connected to the visit to the
tomb.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Mark
(16:1-8) says that Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">bought spices to anoint Jesus. On the way they were
wondering how they would</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">217</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">move the stone from the tomb, when they saw that it
was already opened and that a</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">young man in a long white garment sat inside. He told
them not to be afraid, for</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus, whom they sought, had risen from the dead.
They were to tell the disciples.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">But the women fled in panic; </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“neither
said they anything to any man, for they were</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">afraid.”
</span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">“Neither” implies
two women, but Mark stated the names of three women!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Luke
(24:1-6) only mentions “women” (not mentioned by name), who went to the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">open tomb and found it empty. While they stood there
sadly, two men in “shining</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">garments” said to them: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Why
seek ye the living among the dead? He is not here, but</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">is
risen.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-61191900223561285302014-03-16T09:14:00.002+05:302014-03-16T09:24:37.209+05:30 The Last Words of Jesus (Part 1)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Last Words of Jesus</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">The
last words of Jesus on the cross come as a big embarrassment to Christian</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">scholars.
First, there are four different versions in the Gospels according to Matthew,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Mark,
Luke, and John. These verses are part of a Christian doctrine of divine
inspiration.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">If
God had inspired these four writers, why did God inspire them to record
different</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">words?
These verses are not just different words, but totally different concepts.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The following are the "last words" of
Jesus:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Matthew 27:46 Jesus’ last words were </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Eli, Eli, lama sabachtani?” My God, my</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">God,
why have you abandoned me? </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">(Mark
15:34) though it is Eloi instead of Eli</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Luke 23:46 Jesus cried: </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Father, into thy hands I commend my
spirit.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
John 19:30, Jesus tasted the vinegar. Then he said, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">”It
is finished.” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus
bowed</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">his head and died.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">If God inspired the Evangelists, and if they
considered Jesus the Son of God,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">then how could there be any discrepancy about the
last words of God or the Son of God</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">on Earth? How can these verses be part of a supposed
"divine inspiration"? No Answer.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">One Christian Scholar has a simplistic answer: Jesus
said all of the above! Then why</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">none of "divine inspirations" stated all of
the above? It seems that the reasonable</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">statement should be the one that Jesus said in his
own Aramaic language. Besides</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">those words were reported in two Gospels, Matthew and
Mark. But this statement raises</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">more serious questions.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The last words of Jesus according to Matthew and Mark
represent an eternal</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">mystery for Christianity. Why did Jesus think that
God abandoned him? It is hard to</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">believe that Jesus said that God abandoned him. There
are three possibilities:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">He said that. Then, why did the Son of
God think that his father abandoned him?</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Jesus
told his disciples that he would die and rise from the dead in three days. He</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">knew
that he would die and be resurrected, so how can that be called abandonment?</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">If
he is the Son of God that came to save humanity with his blood, so how can that</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">can
be called abandonment? If he knew his mission in life, so how can that be
called</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">abandonment?
This statement simply contradicts the entire New Testament. Many</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Christian
scholars have the same trouble justifying this statement.</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">211</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">He
did not say that. This means that Matthew and Mark were not accurate, and God</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">did not inspire the Gospels, because God would not
allow any inaccuracies.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The
man on the cross was not Jesus! This may seem at first sight that it is an</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">unreasonable idea. But if we know that the same
sentence, word for word, exists in</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">the songs of David, Psalm 22.1, one may be tempted to
suggest that the man on the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Cross was a Jew asking God for help from his Old
Testament.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The Gospel of Barnabas gives the only reasonable
explanation. The man on the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">cross was not Jesus. He was Judas. Barnabas reported
that before the alleged arrest of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus, God commanded the Angels to take Jesus out of
this world, Barnabas 215. Then</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">God acted miraculously that Judas was so changed in
speech and in face to be like</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus that the apostles believed him to be Jesus,
Barnabas 216. When Judas was taken</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">to the cross, he did nothing else but cried out “</span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">God,
why hast thou forsaken me, seeing</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">that
the malefactor hath escaped and I die unjustly?” </span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Barnabas 217. The first sentence
is</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">a prayer of the Jews from Psalm 22:1, so Judas was
praying to God from the Old</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Testament. The guardian angles of Mary ascended to
the third heaven, where Jesus</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">was in the company of Angels, and told him that his
mother was weeping. Jesus prayed</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">to God to come down to Earth to see his mother and
his disciples. Then God</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">commanded the angles to bear Jesus into his mother’s
house, and they kept watching</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">over him for three days. After the third day, Jesus
was carried up into heaven.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The Sign
of Jonas</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">One
of the most debatable stories in the Gospel of Matthew concerns Jonas’ sign:</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Then
certain of the scribes and the Pharisees answer, saying, Master, we would see</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">a
sign from thee. But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">generation
seeketh after a sign; and there shall no signs be given to it, but the sign of</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">the
prophet Jonas: For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale’s</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">belly,
so shall the son of man be </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">three days and three nights </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">in
the heart of the</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">earth.
(12:38:40)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Luke 11:29 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“and there shall no sign be given it,
but the sign of Jonas the prophet”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Mark
is in contradiction with Matthew and Luke with regards to the sign of Jonas:</span></i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">212</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">“And the
Pharisees came forth, and began to question with him, seeking of him a sign
from heaven, tempting him. And he</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">sighed deeply
in his spirit, and saith, why doth this generation seek after a sign? Verily I
say unto you, There shall be no sign be</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 8.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">given unto this
generation, And he left them.” (8:11-13).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Matthew and Luke are in agreement, and Mark is in
contradiction with Matthew</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">and Luke. Those verses refer to the discussion
between Jesus and the Pharisees. Jesus</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">says in both versions that this generation seeks a
sign to believe. In Matthew and Luke,</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus adds that there will no sign but the sign of
Jonas. In Mark, Jesus says that there</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">will be no sign without any exception. This is really
outrageous. Did Jesus say the sign of</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jonas or not? Can any apologist claim that Jesus said
that and did not say that at the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">same time?!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Which
version is right? Can God inspire right and wrong versions?</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Is
Jesus God?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
John 10:30, Jesus said, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“I and my father are one.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
John 14:28, Jesus said, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“I go unto the Father: for my Father is
greater than I.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In the first verse John records that Jesus equated
himself with God, his father. In the</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">second verse John states that Jesus said that his
father (God) is greater than he.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Athanasius adopted the first verse, and extended it
to mean that God and Jesus are</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">made
</span></i><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">of the same
substance. Arius embraced the second verse. They had a heated</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">argument in the start of the fourth Century, that
lead to the first council of church.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Which
version is right? Can God inspire right and wrong versions?</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">The
Death of Judas</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Matthew 27:5 Judas hanged himself.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Acts 1:18, Luke wrote that Judas fell on his head, his body broke open, and all
his</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">intestines poured out.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Which one of these stories was inspired, and which
one was not? The best</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">explanation that any Christian has come up with is
this: Judas hung himself, and was</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">hung for days and became swollen and bloated so that
when they cut him down he burst</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">213</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">open! Sometimes the explanation is almost as humorous
as the fact that people actually</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">believe the story in the first place.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">When
was Jesus crucified?</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Mark 15:25, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And it was the third hour, and they crucified him.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
John 19:14-16 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And it was the preparation of the Passover, and about the
sixth</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">hour:
and he (Pilate) saith unto the Jews, Behold your King! But they cried out,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Away
with him, away with him, crucify him. Pilate saith unto them, Shall I crucify
your</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">King?
The chief priests answered, We have no king but Caesar. Then delivered he</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">him
over therefore unto them to be crucified. And they took Jesus, and led him</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">away.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The third hour of the day was 9 am and the sixth hour
was noon. This is even spelled</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">out in the NRSV Bible that gives the times and not
the hour.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Jesus’
Apostles</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Matthew 10:2-4, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“Now the names of the twelve apostles
are these: The first,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Simon,
who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">John
his brother; Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican;</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">James
son of Alphaeus, and </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">Lebbaeus </span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">whose
surname was Thaddaeus; Simon the</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Canaanite,
and </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">Judas Iscariot</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">, who also betrayed
him. “</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">In
Luke 6:13-16, </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And when it was day, he called unto him his disciples: and
of them</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">he
chose twelve, whom also he named apostles: Simon, (whom he named Peter,)</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">and
Andrew his brother, James and John, Philip and Bartholomew, Matthew and</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Thomas,
James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon called Zelotes, And </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">Judas
the</span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">brother
of James</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">, and </span></i><b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-BoldOblique;">Judas
Iscariot</span></i></b><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">, which also was the traitor.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">The first list includes Lebbaeus Thaddaeus and only
one Judas, and the second list</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">has two Judas</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Do
you believe that Matthew and Luke do not know the twelve Apostles? What would</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">they
do if the number of the Apostles were 24!</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Times-Roman; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times-Roman;">214</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Bold; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Bold;">Matthew
or Levi</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Matthew
9:9 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And as Jesus passed forth from thence, he saw a man, named</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Matthew,
sitting at the receipt of custom: and he saith unto him, follow me. And he</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">arose,
and followed him. “</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Mark
2:14 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And as he passed by, he saw Levi the son of Alphaeus
sitting at the</span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">receipt
of custom, and said unto him, follow me. And he arose and followed him.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Luke
5:27 </span><i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">“And after these things he went forth, and saw a publican,
named Levi,</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">sitting
at the receipt of custom, and he said unto him, follow me.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: "Helvetica","sans-serif";">Jesus was walking and he saw a tax collector, whose
name could be Matthew or Levi!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<i><span style="font-family: Helvetica-Oblique; mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica-Oblique;">Is
it the Gospel according to Matthew or according to Levi?</span></i></div>
<br /></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-83769399835163096052014-03-16T08:54:00.003+05:302014-03-16T08:54:38.880+05:30 Islam's, other religions' and modern civilization's position with war (Part 4)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDJzFZQiofLuS5l89srJ5p3cgGyeMQTjIpZ64N_TwTkKEKXccEwq7eaZk2aTKEkWAr611NCbBHUIB2U7vCjDh1ksjoYoEilwrOWQ7Ft8PBUtlClepimT3sy9ecmvP5S6YjYhFWvygeyt48/s1600/allah-wallpaper-wallpapers-islam.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDJzFZQiofLuS5l89srJ5p3cgGyeMQTjIpZ64N_TwTkKEKXccEwq7eaZk2aTKEkWAr611NCbBHUIB2U7vCjDh1ksjoYoEilwrOWQ7Ft8PBUtlClepimT3sy9ecmvP5S6YjYhFWvygeyt48/s1600/allah-wallpaper-wallpapers-islam.jpg" height="200" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Although it
is useless to discuss whether Islam allows terror, since our consciousness and
minds are manipulated for years to make us believe that Islamic belief causes
terror, we should saw a few words on this topic. But before Islam’s stand
against terror, we should remind that this topic is a new one introduced after
1991 in order to create a new enemy front against the Western hegemony in the
world. It is Muslims in the world who have been terrorized for centuries, not
who have terrorized others. Those who employ some figures from the Muslim world
whom they have trained as terrorists are the same powers that accuse Islam of
allowing terror. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Any
terrorist activity, no matter who does it and for what purpose, is the greatest
blow to all religious and humanistic values For this reason, no one—and
certainly no Muslims—can approve of any terrorist activity. Terror has no place
in one’s quest to achieve independence or salvation. It costs the lives of
innocent people. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Even though
at first sight such acts seem to harm the target, all terrorist activities
eventually do more harm to the terrorists and their supporters. Although there
may always be some who exploit any religion for their interests, Islam does not
approve of terrorism in any form. Terrorism cannot be used to achieve any
Islamic </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; page-break-before: always; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">goal. No terrorist can be a Muslim, and no true Muslim
can be a terrorist. Islam orders peace, and the Qur’an demands from each true
Muslim that he or she be a symbol of peace and support the maintenance of basic
human rights. If a ship is carrying nine criminals and one innocent person,
Islam does not allow the ship to be sunk to punish the nine criminals, for
doing so would violate the innocent person’s rights. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Islam
respects all individual rights and states clearly that none of them can be
violated, even if doing so would be in the community’s interest. The Qur’an
declares that one who takes a life unjustly has, in effect, taken the lives of
humanity as a whole, and that one who saves a life has, in effect, saved the
lives of humanity as a whole. Also, our Prophet Muhammad says that a Muslim is
one who does no harm with either his or her hand or tongue.</span></div>
</div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-43275621535023870692014-03-16T08:53:00.001+05:302014-03-16T08:53:43.965+05:30 Islam's, other religions' and modern civilization's position with war (Part 3)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">We should
also point out here that people have embraced Islam in throngs during centuries
while few have left it to accept another faith. Partly because of the complex
this has caused and partly because of the prejudices coming from ignorance and
dogmatic adherence to their faith, some Westerners have claimed that Islam is a
religion of sword and has spread by the force of sword. However, this claim has
been refuted even by unbiased Western writers and researchers. The main
dynamics of the spread of Islam has already been explained in the 10th chapter
of this study. We can only mention the main religious qualities which attracted
people to Islam have been: </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the clarity of the theological
doctrines of Islam based on the Divine Unity; </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">rationalism of the Islamic
teachings; </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the complete harmony of the
Islamic ideals and values with human conscience; </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the inclusiveness and
comprehensiveness of Islam covering all aspects of physical, mental, and
spiritual life of individuals and societies, hence the harmony of religion and
life which it has established; </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the lack of formalism and
mediation; </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the vividness, dynamism and
resilience of the Islamic theology, and its creativity and universality, and
its compatibility with established scientific facts; </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the cohesion and harmony of the
Islamic principles, and </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">the shortcomings of other
theological systems. </span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">To sum up: </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="page-break-before: always;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">The purpose for war is never
killing people. Just to the contary, Islam, which attaches great value to life
and regards killing an innocent person as if killing the whole humankind and
saving a life as if saving the lives of all humankind, aims at the survival of
humanity and their finding the truth through education. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Even in warfare, Islam is ready
to make peace and agreement with the opposing side. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">A Muslim government remains
faithful to the treaty it has made until the end of its term. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">If the opposing side betrays
the agreement, The Muslim government publicly and officially declares to that
side that the agreement is no longer valid. Even though it can declare war as
soon as the agreement loses its validity, it tends to grant them respite to
make a new evalutaion. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">If the opposing side continues
their hostilities and do not change their attitude even after the end of the
term granted to them, this means that there is a state of war. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">In order to force the enemy to
give up hostilities or defeat them in war, the Muslims must bet powerful enough
and remain steadfast. However, the Muslims must always observe the rules of war
mentioned above. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">It should be borne in mind that
the expressions in some verses of the Qur’an are aimed at violent peoples who,
as it can easily be inferred from the verses themselves, do recognize no rules
and laws and do not understand any language other than war. Like some
commandments of the Islamic Penal Law, they are also of a deterrent character.
These same verses also mention repentance and God’s being All-Forgiving and
All-Compassionate, which explains Islam’s purpose for war. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Islam never aims by war at
killing people and conquering lands. So, when the enemy side inclines to peace
and agreement, the Muslims should also incline to them. They should also give
asylum to those who seek it and, without giving the least harm to their wealth
and souls, convey to them to their place of safety. These are the rules of war
openly commanded by the Qur’an and practiced by the Muslims during history. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">War is a legal matter between
nations. Islam is, first of all, a religion arranging the relation between God
and humanity and is based on sincere belief. So its main adherents are the
sincere believers. However, Islam also orders human individual and social life
as a requirement of its basic mission. This relates to its legal aspect and
includes the matter of citizenship. The main citizens of an Islamic state are
the Muslims. In legal terms, a Muslim is one who professes belief and, as a
type of worship demonstrating one’s being a Muslim in order to legally treat
him or her as a Muslim citizen, establishing the Prescribed Prayer, and, as the
financial duty of a Muslim citizen, paying the Prescribed Alms. Such a one may
not be a sincere believer as well; instead, he or she may be a hypocrite. But
one </span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="page-break-before: always;">
<br /></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">who professes belief and establishes the Prayer and paying the
Prescribed Alms is legally regarded as a Muslim. So, when an individual or a
group of persons at war with Muslims profess belief and establish the
Prescribed Prayer and pay the Prescribed Alms, the state of war ends. No one is
compelled to believe. One who professes believe and lives in a Muslim society
is expected to see the truth and become a sincere believer. This is why even if
we know that one who professes belief is in fact a hypocrite, he or she is
treated as a Muslim so long as he or she does not declare unbelief and
establishes the Prescribed Prayer and pay the Prescribed Alms. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Islam is never to apologize to
any other religion or ideology or system for its permission to fight. On the
contrary, all other religions, ideologies and systems have a debt of apology
and thanking to Islam. Islam aims at the universal peace and, as a reality of
human history, realizing this peace sometime requires fighting. As declared in
the Qur’anic statements that (For though killing is something you feel aversion
to,) disorder (coming from rebellion to God and recognizing no laws) is even
worse than killing (2:191) and disorder (coming from rebellion to God and
recognizing no laws) is even more graver and sinful than killing (2:217), the
conditions giving rise to war and disorder are more griveous than killing
itself and therefore war is permissible to remove those conditions although it
is not something good. </span></div>
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shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3127659698148069127.post-57783091218657426362014-03-16T08:49:00.001+05:302014-03-16T08:50:44.314+05:30 Islam's, other religions' and modern civilization's position with war (Part 2)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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</a></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvCKAwjVJrHHUeauB2vJ8NoQYt9hu-ZnGZPbXSnpnUZ0aFKoZI0GnKSZOio2swVWEtXLpSfHz3V3fF1Av7njYYaMd2QFD1bBleKKASJU9OhqWGGHnvcfxltcSk9FI4pbZ2BeoJS7UumwA/s1600/8389073_c629dbc3d9_b-600x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">As for other
religions such as those in the south, east and south-eastern Asia, since they
lack in the rules to govern the social and economic life of people, they </span></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvCKAwjVJrHHUeauB2vJ8NoQYt9hu-ZnGZPbXSnpnUZ0aFKoZI0GnKSZOio2swVWEtXLpSfHz3V3fF1Av7njYYaMd2QFD1bBleKKASJU9OhqWGGHnvcfxltcSk9FI4pbZ2BeoJS7UumwA/s1600/8389073_c629dbc3d9_b-600x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
</a><br />
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; page-break-before: always; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvCKAwjVJrHHUeauB2vJ8NoQYt9hu-ZnGZPbXSnpnUZ0aFKoZI0GnKSZOio2swVWEtXLpSfHz3V3fF1Av7njYYaMd2QFD1bBleKKASJU9OhqWGGHnvcfxltcSk9FI4pbZ2BeoJS7UumwA/s1600/8389073_c629dbc3d9_b-600x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">resemble more esoteric philosophies, and yet their
followers have not withdrawn from waging wars. </span></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvCKAwjVJrHHUeauB2vJ8NoQYt9hu-ZnGZPbXSnpnUZ0aFKoZI0GnKSZOio2swVWEtXLpSfHz3V3fF1Av7njYYaMd2QFD1bBleKKASJU9OhqWGGHnvcfxltcSk9FI4pbZ2BeoJS7UumwA/s1600/8389073_c629dbc3d9_b-600x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
</a>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvCKAwjVJrHHUeauB2vJ8NoQYt9hu-ZnGZPbXSnpnUZ0aFKoZI0GnKSZOio2swVWEtXLpSfHz3V3fF1Av7njYYaMd2QFD1bBleKKASJU9OhqWGGHnvcfxltcSk9FI4pbZ2BeoJS7UumwA/s1600/8389073_c629dbc3d9_b-600x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">As for
modern civilization, it is not Islam which is responsible for the millions of
deaths in the Soviet Union and communist China; it is not Islam which caused
the Soviet/Russian massacres in Afghanistan and Chechnia and the brutal
suppression of freedom movements in Hungary and Czechoslovakia. It is not Islam
which is responsible for the killing of more than one million people during
France’s war to deny Algeria its freedom. It is not Islam which urged America
to its adventure in Vietnam, which cost more than a million lives during the
war and many more indirectly since. It is not Islam which caused the death of
more than 60 million people, mainly civilians, and forced countless millions
more to remain homeless, widowed and orphaned, during and after the two world
wars. It is not Islam which is responsible for using scientific knowledge to
make nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction with which to intimidate
poor and weak nations, and maintain the global hegemony. It is not Islam which
is responsible for extermination of natives in the Ameircan Continent and
Australia. It is not Islam which is responsible for mass massacres in Africa.
Islam is neither responsible for world-wide colonialism which lasted centuries
and is still continuing in disguise. Nor is Islam responsible for slave trades
which cost the lives of tens of millions of people. It is not Islam which is
responsible for raising war-mongers like Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini. They
were not brought up by Muslims. Likewise, it is not Islam, nor Muslims, that
are responsible for the establishment of despotic kings and presidents over the
Muslim countries and their oppression, injustices and massacres. It is not
Islam which is responsible for modern terrorism, mafia organizations, and
world-wide smuggle of weapons and drugs, despite all opposing claims and plots
staged to make us believe that it is so. </span></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpvCKAwjVJrHHUeauB2vJ8NoQYt9hu-ZnGZPbXSnpnUZ0aFKoZI0GnKSZOio2swVWEtXLpSfHz3V3fF1Av7njYYaMd2QFD1bBleKKASJU9OhqWGGHnvcfxltcSk9FI4pbZ2BeoJS7UumwA/s1600/8389073_c629dbc3d9_b-600x400.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Islam, which
declares, “Peace is what is the best,” aims at establishing peace throughout
the world. However, war is a reality of human history. It is a manifestation in
the social life of humanity of the inner world of those who have not been able
to attain the human perfection in intellect, spirit and morality. Or it is a
manifestation of the war between the spirit and the carnal soul, or Satan and the
human values of perfection. What is important and necessary is, rather than
overlooking a reality in a meaningless idealistic manner, to bring rules to
make war just and for the benefit of people in general. It must be like
disciplining and training a person or performing, when necessary, an operation
on him/her to restore him/her to health after illness or giving the due
punishment to a criminal. This is what Islam has done. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Islam does
not order war, but allows it on condition that it should be in God’s way and
for the defensive purposes. It also enjoins that the limits set by God must not
be exceeded. Those limits are related to both the intention and exercise. For </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; page-break-before: always; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">example, Islam does not allow any war for ultra
motives such as conquering lands or plundering or quenching any thirst for
revenge or obtaining any material advantage or satisfying racist inclinations.
It does not force anyone to change his/her faith. Rather it wants there to be a
social atmosphere of freedom where everyone will be able to use his/her free
will to accept any faith he/she desires. It has also set up limitations in
exercising it, such as those that follow: </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Do not betray the agreements
you have made. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Do not make any plundering. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Wrong no one and exercise no
torture. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Do not touch the children,
women and the old. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Do not destroy fruit-trees and
fertile lands. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Do not kill sheep and cattle. </span></div>
<div class="Default" style="margin-bottom: 5.0pt; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 5.0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">• </span><span style="font-size: 13.0pt;">Respect all religious persons
who live in hermitages or convents and spare their edifices. (Ibn al-Athir,
al-Kami fi al-Tarikh, Vol.3, p.227.) </span></div>
<div class="Default">
<br /></div>
</a><br />
<br /></div>
shttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10215807134297394381noreply@blogger.com0